Assessing the current situation and proposing solutions for developing large-scale timber plantation in Phu Tho province

- Domestic market: Strengthen the organization of distribution channels and consumption of wooden products. Organize a marketing system and trade wooden products (wooden handicrafts, high-end household appliances) in localities with high demand such as: Hanoi, Hai Phong City and localities with industrial development, regions with high demand for wooden products.

4.5.3.6. Solutions on mechanisms and policies

- There should be policies to support planting and converting small timber forests into large timber forests.

- Support for sustainable forest certification (FSC);

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- Proactively implement and concretize State policies and mechanisms related to forest management, protection and development, and forest product processing and trading.

- Issue support policies such as: support for cooperatives, farms and farming households to plant intensive forests, convert large timber forests, grant sustainable forest management certificates (FSC), and renovate and replace ineffective Eucalyptus shoot areas.

- Policy of linking forest planting households, forestry companies with wood processing facilities and companies; encouraging enterprises to invest in forestry in a closed model from production, processing, consumption, farmers contribute capital with enterprises by land use rights to invest together to share benefits.

CONCLUSION, SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1. Conclusion

Current status of forest plantation development and production forest planting to supply large timber:

- The area of planted forests in Phu Tho province fluctuated quite strongly in the period 2005 - 2015, the area of planted production forests in the period 2010 - 2015 basically did not fluctuate much.

- The area of planted forests built by state-owned enterprises and households increased sharply in the period from 2005 to 2010, then decreased in the next 5 years. The area of forests of the subjects such as the Protection Forest Management Board and the armed forces tended to increase.

- The structure of production forest plantations in the province is quite poor in terms of tree species composition, mainly Acacia mangium and Acacia hybrid, with a small area of Eucalyptus plantations. Forest planting techniques have complied with technical guidelines, these technical measures are mainly aimed at small timber business.

- The area of large timber plantations in Phu Tho province is not much, mainly some models in units managed by the state. Species of large timber plantations in the province are quite diverse: Group of fast-growing trees (Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia hybrid, Eucalyptus), group of trees planted less (Eucalyptus, Greas, Bodhi). Group of native species for large timber plantations such as Brown oak, Green lim, Green giổi, Flower lat, Black tram, Red chestnut (only planted 4 years old).

- The technique of planting large timber forests has generally met the requirements set out in the guidelines, however the density is still high, requiring intensive cultivation to develop the forest better.

Summary and evaluation of some large timber plantation models:

- The project selected 5 large concentrated timber plantation models (3 Acacia auriculiformis models and 2 Acacia auriculiformis models) for evaluation. The large timber plantation models selected for evaluation have small concentrated areas except for the Acacia auriculiformis model built by Luong Son Trading Joint Stock Company in Khai Xuan commune, Thanh Ba district (50ha).

- Large timber plantation models all grow well, with average reserve growth reaching 17.6 - 22.7 m 3 /ha /year (Acacia auriculiformis) and 19.5 - 29 m 3 /ha /year (Acacia auriculiformis).

Assessment of the situation of processing and consumption of planted forest wood

- Phu Tho province has a variety of processing facilities (743 processing facilities): Paper, pulp, chips, peeled boards, sawn boards, household furniture, laminated boards, etc. Processed products are consumed in domestic and foreign markets, partly exported to China and Taiwan. In recent years, the province's wood processing industry has changed and grown strongly in quantity as well as quality and product types. The rapid increase in the number of wood processing facilities has led to an imbalance between supply and demand in the supply of input materials; overexploitation has occurred. Most wood processing facilities are small-scale, spontaneous, and not concentrated; developed from small-scale household production models with outdated technology and equipment (consuming a lot of raw materials, fuels, and energy). There is no link between processing facilities and forest growers to form a stable product consumption chain.

Analysis and evaluation of policies to encourage the development of large timber plantations:

- The issue of large timber plantation has received much attention from the government. Investment policies for developing planted forests to meet the target of large timber have been closely monitored and directed, with synchronous guidance documents from the central to local levels.

- The implementation of documents in the province is still very slow. Although the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development has issued documents directing implementation according to the restructuring orientation of the sector, the project has a general orientation for the entire agricultural sector, not focusing deeply on forestry issues, especially the development of large-scale timber plantations.

The topic has proposed solutions to contribute to the development of large timber plantations in Phu Tho province:

- Solutions for planning large timber plantation areas;

- Solutions on Science - Technology and Forestry Extension;

- Solutions to develop and improve the quality of human resources;

- Solutions for developing wood processing industry;

- Market solutions;

- Mechanism and policy solutions.

5.2. Existence

In addition to the results achieved, the topic still has some specific problems as follows:

- The topic only evaluates large timber plantation models, not newly planted large timber plantation models.

- The topic has not yet evaluated and analyzed the potential of planting fast-growing tree species for forest transformation.

5.3. Recommendations

- It is necessary to continue monitoring newly planted large timber plantation models to have more specific assessments in the coming time.

- It is necessary to select potential forest plantation models to transform forests.

REFERENCES

1. Vietnamese documents

1. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (2014), Promulgating the list of key tree species for afforestation to provide large timber according to forestry ecological regions according to Decision No. 4961/QD-BNN-T LN dated November 17, 2014 of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development , Hanoi.

2. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (2005), Decision No. 16/2005/QD-BNN, Promulgating the list of main tree species for production forest planting according to 9 Forestry ecological regions, Hanoi.

3. Nguyen Ba Chat (1990). Final report of the topic - Research on Chukrasia tabularis forest cultivation techniques . Vietnam Forestry Science Institute - 1990.

4. Tran Van Con, Nguyen Toan Thang (2006), Results of building a demonstration model of thinning techniques for purebred Horsetail pine and Horsetail pine mixed with Acacia auriculiformis in the KFW1 project area. Silviculture Research Department, Vietnam Forestry Science Institute.

5. Pham The Dung. 2004. Application of scientific research results to build a model of high-yield forest planting for paper and woodchip materials . Summary report of Science and Technology project, Vietnam Forestry Science Institute, Hanoi.

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7. Bui Thanh Hang, (2005), Initial research on some technical measures for intensive acacia hybrid afforestation in the Southeast region, Master's thesis in Forestry Science, Hanoi.

8. Le Dinh Kha. 2003. Selection, breeding and propagation of some major forest tree species in Vietnam . Agriculture Publishing House, 292 pages.

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10. Trinh Khac Muoi, Dao Cong Khanh (1984). Research on planting techniques of Mo and Bodhi forests for paper fiber materials . Ministry-level Science and Technology Project.

11. Nguyen Hoang Ngha. 2003. Development of Acacia species in Vietnam, Agriculture Publishing House, 132 pages.

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26. Baggayan JL and Baggayan RL, 1998. Potential of selected Acacia species in Cebu province, Philippines . In: Turnbull, J.W., Crompton, H.R. and Pinyopusarerk, K. (eds). Recent Developments in Acacia Planting . Proceedings of an international workshop, Hanoi, Vietnam, 27–30 October 1997. ACIAR Proceedings No. 82, 125-129.

27. Barton, I. (1993). A system for blackwood – Acacia melanoxylon . A farm forester's experience. New Zealand Tree Grower 14 (3), 11-16.

28. Beadle, CL and Barry, KM and Hardiyanto, EB and Irianto, RSB and Junarto, R and Mohammed, CL and Rimbawanto, A (2007) Effect of pruning Acacia mangium on growth, form and heart rot . Forest Ecology and Management, 238 (1-3) pp. 261-267. ISSN 0378-1127.

29. Beadle C. 2006. Developing a strategy for pruning and thinning Acacia mangium to increase wood value . In: Potter K., Rimbawanto A. and Beadle

C. (eds), Heart rot and root rot in tropical Acacia plantations. ACIAR, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

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35. Geoff, R., Smith, B and Brennan, p., 2006. First thinning in sub-tropical eucalypt plantations grown for high-value solid-wood products: a review , Unpublished paper.

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