Assessing the current situation and proposing solutions for developing longan trees in Song Ma district, Son La province

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

BUI HOANG DUNG

ASSESSING THE CURRENT SITUATION AND PROPOSED SOLUTIONS FOR DEVELOPING LONGAN TREES IN SONG MA DISTRICT, SON LA PROVINCE

MASTER'S THESIS ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT

THAI NGUYEN - 2019

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

BUI HOANG DUNG

ASSESSING THE CURRENT SITUATION AND PROPOSED SOLUTIONS FOR DEVELOPING LONGAN TREES IN SONG MA DISTRICT, SON LA PROVINCE

Industry: Rural Development Code: 8 62 01 16

MASTER'S THESIS ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Scientific supervisor: Prof. Dr. Tran Ngoc Ngoan

THAI NGUYEN - 2019

COMMITMENT

I hereby certify that the data and research results in this thesis are honest and have never been used to defend any degree or research work.

In my thesis I have used information from many different sources. All cited information used is clearly stated in the source and origin.

Thesis author

Bui Hoang Dung

THANK YOU

During the process of studying and researching my Master's thesis at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, I received help and support from the School, Training Department, teachers, family and friends to complete my thesis. I would like to express my deep gratitude to:

- Board of Directors and Training Department of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry;

- Prof. Dr. Tran Ngoc Ngoan, who has oriented my research, guided and helped me throughout the process of implementing and completing this thesis;

- The faculty board, along with teachers of the Faculty of Economics & Rural Development, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, have imparted and equipped me with valuable knowledge and experience as well as created the most favorable learning environment throughout the course;

- The government and people of Song Ma district have created favorable conditions for me throughout my research period.

Finally, I would like to express my sincere thanks to all teachers, family, friends and colleagues who have always encouraged and helped me throughout my study and research.

Thank you very much!

Thai Nguyen, February 20, 2019

Student

Bui Hoang Dung

INDEX

COMMITMENT i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iii

LIST OF TABLES

MASTER'S THESIS SUMMARY vii

INTRODUCTION 1

1. Urgency of the topic 1

2. Research objective 2

3. Research subject 2

4. Research scope 2

5. New contributions, scientific or practical significance 3

Chapter 1. SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF TOPIC 4

1.1. Theoretical basis 4

1.1.1. Fruit trees 4

1.1.2. Longan Tree (Dimocarpus longan) 6

1.2. Practical basis 12

1.2.1. Production and consumption of longan in the world 12

1.2.2. Production and consumption of longan in Vietnam 13

1.3. Overview of related research works 14

1.3.1. Research to promote increased productivity of longan 14

1.3.2. Research on pest and disease control of longan 17

Chapter 2. LOCAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RESEARCH METHODS 18

2.1. Characteristics of the study area 18

2.1.1. Natural conditions 18

2.1.2. Economic and social conditions 23

2.1.3. General assessment of the research area 29

2.2. Research content 30

2.3. Research methods 31

2.3.1. Secondary information collection investigation method 31

2.3.2. Primary data collection methods 31

2.3.3. Information synthesis method 32

2.4. Research indicator system 34

Chapter 3. RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 34

3.1. Current status of longan production and consumption in Song Ma district... 34 3.1.1. Longan production situation 34

3.1.2. Current status of longan production in Song Ma district 35

3.1.3. Situation of harvesting, consumption and processing of longan 39

3.2. Research and analyze some factors affecting development

Longan trees in Song Ma district 42

3.2.1. Characteristics of longan growing households 42

3.2.2. Techniques for planting and caring for longan at surveyed households 44

3.2.3. Situation of pests and diseases on longan at surveyed households 48

3.3. Evaluation of longan production efficiency at surveyed households 50

3.4. Advantages, difficulties, opportunities and challenges in development

Longan tree in Song Ma district 57

3.4.1. Advantages 57

3.4.2. Difficulty 57

3.4.3. Opportunity 58

3.4.4. Challenge 59

3.5. Objectives and some solutions for developing longan trees in Song Ma district 59

3.5.1. Production target by 2020 59

3.5.2. Some solutions for developing longan trees 60

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 62

1. Conclusion 62

2. Recommendation 64

REFERENCES 66

APPENDIX

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

BVTV

: Plant protection
cooperative	: Cooperative

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1. Area and yield of fruit trees in district 34

Table 3.2. Longan growing area in Song Ma district in the period of 2016 - 2018 ... 36 Table 3.3. Longan growing area, yield and output in Song Ma district in the period of 2016 - 2018 ...

2016 - 2018 period 37

Table 3.4. Some characteristics of longan growing households 43

Table 3.5. Characteristics of longan gardens at surveyed households 44

Table 3.6. Fertilizer usage for longan 46

Table 3.7. Situation of pests and diseases on longan 49

Table 3.8. Labor costs for label production 51

Table 3.9. Material costs for producing 1 hectare of longan/year 53

Table 3.10. Cost of label production in year 54

Table 3.11. Average output and selling price of longan in surveyed communes 55

Table 3.12. Profits of surveyed households 56