production
LIST OF TABLES
Table name
Page | ||
Table 1.1: Urban population ratio of regions in the world according to stage | 18 | |
Table 2.1: Production value and growth of production value of economic sectors PY district | 34 | |
Table 2.2: Growth of Industry, Handicraft and Construction of the district Pho Yen | 37 | |
Table 2.3: Growth in industrial and handicraft production value by economic components | 39 | |
Table 2.4: Scale and growth of agricultural, forestry and fishery production Pho Yen district period 2001 - 2008 | 42 | |
Table 2.5: Agricultural production value of Pho Yen district in the period 2000-2008 | 43 | |
Table 2.6: Land changes of Pho Yen district over the years | 45 | |
Table 2.7: Current status of population - labor - labor structure of PY district | 50 | |
Table 2.8: Indicators for assessing people's living standards | 52 | |
Table 2.9: Urbanization rate in Pho Yen district, 2006 - 2008 | 55 | |
Table 2.10: Status of licensed investment projects in Pho Yen district | 56 | |
Table 2.11: Investment efficiency of implemented projects currently in Pho Yen district | 60 | |
Table 2.12: General level of urbanization for surveyed communes | 68 | |
Table 2.13: Fluctuations in agricultural income and production costs of farmers due to the impact of climate change | 69 | |
Table 2.14: Impact of urbanization on non-agricultural activities | 71 | |
Table 2.15: Evaluation of production and business efficiency of households before and after urbanization | 72 | |
Table 2.16: Opinions of surveyed households on the assessment of changes in income due to the impact of FDI | 75 | |
Table 2.17: Opinions of surveyed households on the level of impact of University | 76 | |
Table 2.18. Description of variables used in h viii | Coo-Dauglas (CD) export | 106 |
Table 2.19. Analysis of factors affecting mixed income of farmers who lost land due to urbanization | 78 | |
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LIST OF CHARTS
Chart Name
Page | |
Table 1.1: Population change over time | 17 |
Table 2.1: Growth in production value of industries in the period 2001 - 2008 | 35 |
Table 2.2: Economic structure of the industry in the district in 2001 and 2008 | 36 |
Table 2.3. Structure and fluctuations in value of industry & construction | 38 |
Table 2.4: Fluctuations in value of licensed investment projects, 2006 - 2008 | 56 |
Table 2.5: Changes in production value of the district in the period 2000 - 2008 | 57 |
Table 2.6: Economic structure changes of Pho Yen district | 58 |
Table 2.7: Structure of compensation use by farmers after land acquisition | 74 |
INTRODUCTION
1. Urgency of the topic
Urbanization is an inevitable trend on the development path of most countries in the world, including Vietnam. As of mid-2008, there were nearly 200 industrial parks nationwide, distributed in 52 provinces and cities with over 6,000 domestic and foreign investment projects, attracting more than
1,000,000 workers. Most of the area of industrial parks and export processing zones is agricultural land and the main force supplementing the industrial labor force is farmers.
The formation in rural areas of industrial parks, export processing zones, service centers, new urban areas... has increased the value of land use, created new industries and jobs, increased the value of labor, created an environment for the widespread application of science and technology... Urbanization stimulates and creates opportunities for people to be more active and creative in searching for and choosing methods and forms of production and business organization, striving to become rich legitimately. Economic development, improved lives of workers - that is the main trend and the positive side of urbanization.
Not outside of that general development, Pho Yen - a midland district of Thai Nguyen province - with its existing advantages has attracted many large investment projects in both scale and value. The emergence of many industrial parks, export processing zones, ... means that the urbanization process of the district is taking place rapidly. In 2008 alone, the economic growth rate of the district reached 16.5%, the value of industrial and handicraft production reached 2,235 billion VND and the average GDP per capita reached 20.4 million VND. More specifically, thanks to the industrial parks, export processing zones, ... after coming into operation, many jobs have been created for local workers (specifically, 6,580 jobs have been created).
jobs for people in the district). In general, the lives of local people are gradually improving. For that reason, we have chosen the topic: "The impact of urbanization on the socio-economic development of Pho Yen district, Thai Nguyen province" to deeply study the positive impacts as well as the limitations of urbanization on landless farmers in particular and the socio-economic development of the district in general.
2. Research objectives of the topic
2.1. General objectives
Study the current status of urbanization and then find out its impacts on the socio-economic development of Pho Yen district. Especially study the impacts of urbanization on the income of people who lost their land in the district.
2.2. Specific objectives
Summarize theoretical and practical basis of urbanization process.
Analyze the current situation to find out the benefits and harms that the urbanization process brings to the lives of local people in particular and the socio-economic development of the district in general.
On that basis, propose appropriate orientations and solutions to promote the district's socio-economic development continuously.
3. Scope of research
3.1. Research time
- Regarding secondary data sources: The topic uses data on the socio-economic development situation of Pho Yen district over many years, specifically from 2001 to 2008.
- Regarding primary data sources (data directly surveyed from farming households): with the time mark marking the fast or slow urbanization process being 2005. Therefore, this data source was collected at two points in time before and after the urbanization process.
3.2. Research area
The topic was researched in Pho Yen district, focusing on Trung Thanh commune, Dac Son commune and Ba Hang town - where the urbanization process takes place most strongly.
3.3. Research subjects
Growth and economic restructuring of Pho Yen district.
Current status of population, labor and employment of Pho Yen district.
Investment activities and production efficiency of land-lost farming households in communes of the district.
Research the impacts (positive and negative) that urbanization brings to the socio-economic development of Pho Yen district.
3.4. Research content
Current status of socio-economic development of Pho Yen district
Current status of urbanization process in Pho Yen district
Impact of urbanization on household income
Positive and negative impacts of urbanization
Directions and solutions to promote socio-economic development
4. Scientific significance of the thesis
The thesis aims to study in depth the current status of the urbanization process and its impacts on the life - economy - society in Pho Yen district. On that basis, it proposes some specific solutions for farmers (whose land has been recovered), for the district and for the province to promote the strengths and limit the disadvantages caused by the urbanization process.
5. Thesis layout
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the thesis is divided into 3 specific chapters as follows:
- Chapter 1: Overview of research documents and research methods
- Chapter 2: Current status of urbanization process in Pho Yen district
- Chapter 3: Directions and solutions
Chapter 1
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH MATERIALS AND RESEARCH METHODS
1.1. SCIENTIFIC BASIS
1.1.1. Theoretical basis
1.1.1.1. Some basic concepts of economic growth and development
Concept of economic growth
- Economic growth is the increase in gross domestic product (GDP) or gross national product (NGP) or national output per capita (PCI) over a given period of time. Or:
- Economic growth is an increase in scale and output over a certain period (usually 1 year).
The size of an economy is expressed by gross domestic product (GDP) or gross national product (NGP), or gross domestic product per capita or per capita income ( Per Capita Income , PCI). In which:
- Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) or gross domestic product is the monetary value of all final products and services produced and created within an economy in a given period of time (usually a fiscal year).
- Gross National Product (NGP) is the monetary value of all final goods and services produced by the citizens of a country in a given period of time (usually a year). Gross national product is equal to gross domestic product plus net income.
- Gross domestic product per capita is gross domestic product divided by population. Gross income per capita is gross national product divided by population.
After studying the economic growth of both developed and developing countries, economists have discovered that the driving force of economic development must be accompanied by four wheels, or four factors of economic growth: human resources, natural resources, capital and technology. These four factors are different in each country and the way they are coordinated is also different, leading to corresponding results.
Thus, economic growth is the increase in GDP or NGP or per capita income over a certain period of time. Economic growth represents a quantitative change in the economy. However, in some countries, the level of economic inequality is relatively high, so although per capita income is high, many people still live in poverty.
Concept of economic development
Economic development is the process of increasing all aspects of the economy in a certain period. It includes the increase in scale, output and progress in all aspects of society to form a reasonable economic structure. Therefore, economic development has a broader connotation than economic growth. It includes economic growth along with qualitative changes in the economy (such as social welfare, life expectancy, etc.) and changes in economic structure (reducing the proportion of the primary sector, increasing the proportion of the manufacturing and service sectors ). Economic development is a process of perfecting all aspects of the economy including economy, society, environment, and institutions in a certain period of time to ensure that higher GDP means higher happiness.
The relationship between economic growth and development
Indicators measuring economic growth are used as a measure of the level of economic development in a specific and easy-to-understand way, and they become the target.