SWOT Analysis To Build A Wetland Ecosystem Conservation Program To Serve Ecotourism Development In Thung Nham

(Dinh Van Duong - Head of Hai Nham village)

Through the above summary table of household economy, it can be seen that the economic conditions of the community here are still difficult, the land area of the village is limited, the village is surrounded by steep limestone mountains and there is only one road leading into the village. The author has also directly monitored the changes of Hai Nham village from 2008 to present, and realized that although the current economic conditions of the village still have difficulties, the awareness of the people since the establishment of Thung Nham Bird Garden Tourism Area has had clear changes. Before, when there was no tourism, the life of Hai Nham was much more difficult than now, the most difficult thing at that time was that the roads for the whole village were very difficult, there was only one small dirt road, which greatly hindered travel for the outsiders, the people

At that time, people often went to the forest and mountains to exploit trees and hunt wild animals.

But since tourism, the roads have been made clean and beautiful, the people's knowledge has been improved, the community has been involved in tourism, thereby having more income to improve their lives, and at the same time realizing the important role of protecting the landscape and environment in attracting tourists to visit. That is a big and positive change in the conservation and protection of biodiversity.

3.6. SWOT analysis to build a wetland ecosystem conservation program to serve ecotourism development in Thung Nham

Table 3.8. SWOT analysis at Thung Nham

SWOT Analysis

- Consult and get expert opinions to come up with appropriate solutions for management and conservation.

- Forests are better protected when people are allocated land and forest contracts.

- The lives of people in Hai Nham village have improved a lot since the Thung Nham tourist area was built.

- Become a famous tourist destination in and outside the province.

- Legal basis for biodiversity conservation is still overlapping.

- Lack of investment capital to raise awareness and expertise for local officials and communities.

- Local authorities are concerned with environmental protection.

- Most people in Thung Nham do not hunt wild animals.

- There are many dynamic canals and artificial lakes.

- Has value for tourism, education and scientific research.

S/O

- Establish programs that can attract funding for conservation work.

- Set up nature-based tours such as homestays.

- Developing sustainable tourism in the direction of sustainable development.

S/T

- Build a clear legal framework.

- Encourage scientific research investment projects in Thung Nham.

- Overlap in local economic development planning (including conflicts between industrial and tourism development).

- There are still a few people around who hunt and consume wild animals.

- The life of the local community is still difficult.

- During the development process, Thung Nham tourist area has destroyed mountains.

W/O

- Improve professional capacity for management staff.

- Investing in infrastructure for management and conservation.

- Increase the participation of local communities in tourism activities and biodiversity conservation in Thung Nham.

- There is close coordination between

Departments, Boards and branches of Ninh Binh province in planning work

W/T

- Resolve the existing conflict between the livelihoods of people around Thung Nham and industrial and tourism development.

- Strictly prohibit activities that destroy the environment. Appropriately punish illegal exploitation activities.

illegal capture as well as

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- Sightseeing and research activities may affect the natural environment.

change the natural landscape.

security and economic planning

and BVMT.

- Continue to further improve the lives of local communities around Thung Nham.

business activities

tourism businesses cause disorder and pollution.

- Tourist zones and strictly protected areas.

road building, dredging lakes and ponds

Note :

- Strength (S): Strength

- Opportunities (O): Opportunities

- Theart (T): Challenge

- Weakness (W): Weakness

- S/O: Promote strengths to seize opportunities;

- W/O: Don't let weaknesses detract from opportunities;

- S/T: Promote strengths to overcome challenges and obstacles;

- W/T: Don't let challenges develop further weaknesses.

3.7. Proposing solutions to conserve wetland ecosystems and develop ecotourism in Thung Nham

3.7.1. Proposed solutions to conserve wetland ecosystems:

+ Protect and sustainably develop natural resources, maximize the ability to provide services of wetlands

For the core zone, all firewood logging activities are completely banned, the most important priority is to protect the bird habitat. The protection of wild animals, especially wild birds, also needs more attention, studying the behavior and reactions of rare and important birds to find safe solutions for these species. The importance of conserving and developing wetland species. Because this is an important habitat for many bird species to live and nest.

+ Encourage community and stakeholder participation in biodiversity conservation

The involvement of communities living near Thung Nham Ecotourism Area is really important for the protection and monitoring of wild birds. Therefore:

There needs to be an appropriate mechanism to consult the community and empower the community to make decisions regarding biodiversity conservation in general and the protection of wild birds in Thung Nham in particular;

Projects implemented in Thung Nham Bird Garden Ecotourism Area need to consider the local community as the most important factor, appreciate their role and attract their participation and benefits in conservation work such as financial investment to develop new livelihoods, diversify livelihoods, and receive technical training to implement.

effectively exploit new livelihoods and, importantly, protect bird species, ensuring the provision of economic and spiritual values for present and future generations.

The Management Board of Thung Nham Bird Garden Ecotourism Area needs to closely coordinate with local authorities, organizations and unions to discuss and exchange ideas on reasonable conservation options;

Strengthen institutional and technical capacity for improved environmental management at all levels of government and communities;

Support villages and hamlets to build village covenants associated with environmental resource protection and agreements on biodiversity protection.

+ Conduct important research in biodiversity protection

Conduct further research on biodiversity, the role and benefits of species and genetic resources to promote biodiversity, build storage areas and research to replicate rare genetic resources.

Research on techniques for planting flooded forests to create habitats for living creatures, especially birds living in Thung Nham and migratory birds from other places, research on technical solutions for constructing auxiliary works for protecting, observing and researching birds in Thung Nham.

Assess the vulnerability of bird species in Thung Nham to external threats, beyond the protection of Thung Nham Ecotourism Area. Study the natural characteristics of this area to create the most optimal conservation strategy.

Conduct research to monitor the status of endangered bird species in Thung Nham and the impact of resource use on these species. This will include sampling of invertebrates, to determine whether pesticides, toxins and metal waste may be causing harm to bird life or reducing the ability to reproduce.

Environmental impact assessment should be carried out and strictly controlled during the implementation and after completion of projects that impact the wetland ecosystem in Thung Nham. Research to clarify the sustainability of human tourism activities in Thung Nham Ecotourism Area and the surrounding community.

+ Communicate and raise public awareness about the wise use of wetland ecosystems

First, it is necessary to organize training courses to improve professional skills for staff at Thung Nham Ecotourism Area, followed by local authorities and surrounding communities. Emphasizing the content and concept of wise use, and how to use it wisely so as not to change the natural characteristics of wetlands.

Organize training courses to raise public awareness about the wise use of natural resources and their negative environmental, economic, social and cultural impacts.

Training of communication staff on biodiversity and wetland conservation, training of staff on management programmes. They will be the main resource responsible for raising awareness of biodiversity and wetlands at the local level. Upgrading the qualifications of staff and expanding further training for all staff.

Build a broad communication program about natural resources in the community, and do a good job of communication on mass media.

Organize competitions for students, visitors and the community on solutions and award certificates of innovation for research on biodiversity protection, especially bird species.

+ Develop new sustainable livelihoods, build old livelihoods towards sustainability

Build and guide ecological economic models for the community to reduce pressure on the ecosystem. Develop agroforestry models, VAC, ....

For ecotourism activities, preparation for guests must be very thoughtful, and one must have a firm grasp of the growth cycle and habits of bird species in order to effectively guide guests on their tours.

+ Patrol protection

Actively patrol and arrest violators of forest protection laws and hunting of wild animals, especially birds listed in the Vietnam Red Book.

3.7.2. Proposing solutions to develop eco-tourism

+ Solutions on organization and management

Management plays an extremely important role in the development of tourist areas and tourist attractions. If there are reasonable and consistent policies in

Providing general regulations for tourists, for the management agencies of each department, and limiting the development of the tourist area will create favorable conditions for the development of the tourist area, create a good impression on tourists, contribute to protecting and embellishing the tourist area, attracting tourists, developing the economy and bringing benefits to the local community. In general, for Thung Nham Ecotourism Area to develop comprehensively, it is indispensable to have the management of all levels and sectors. That is the most important factor determining the development of the tourist area.

+ Solutions on policy mechanisms

It is necessary to set up regulations of the tourist area for tourists to follow, educate and explain the environment to tourists through the team of tourism service staff, through the team of tour guides. Raise awareness of protecting the ecological environment in the tourist area for tourists.

Because Thung Nham Ecotourism Area has not been put into operation for tourism for a long time, the qualifications and expertise of local people are still limited and lack professionalism. Most of them, before the tourist area was opened, mainly lived on rice farming, so when switching to tourism, the project management board needs to provide necessary support for the local community such as capital, working means, opening free training classes on basic tourism skills and propaganda and education on the principles of ecotourism, protecting natural resources and the environment, and humanistic tourism resources because they will be the ones serving tourists and reminding tourists to keep the environment of the tourist area clean. Share the benefits gained from tourism activities with the local community, encourage people to participate in tourism enthusiastically, responsibly, and treat tourists in the style of a tourism worker.

Diversify tourism products, combine natural tourism resources and human tourism resources to create attractive and unique products that are typical of Thung Nham. Benefits from tourism activities must be reused to support the conservation and restoration of tourism resources.

+ Environmental solutions

Thung Nham has the advantage of being a relatively pristine eco-tourism area with almost no human impact on the environment and natural landscape, so it is necessary to come up with reasonable solutions to exploit tourism while still preserving the environment.

clean environment, ensuring the criteria of ecotourism. However, this is a relatively sensitive environment and is easily damaged and destroyed if exploited without protection measures, so the requirement is to have specific plans to preserve natural tourism resources, ecological environment and human tourism resources.

Thung Nham Tourist Area must determine the capacity of the tourist area, ensuring compliance with capacity requirements so as not to destroy the landscape and not put pressure on the environment.

There are preferential policies in mobilizing investment capital for development, especially in the field of protecting and improving the quality of the environment in tourist areas.

At the tourist area, build slogans and regulations of the area on environmental protection so that tourists clearly understand the principles of the tourist area and implement them voluntarily.

Impose fines if visitors do not comply with the resort's environmental protection rules such as littering on boats and at tourist attractions. Defecating in the wrong place has a negative impact on the ecosystem in the area...

Propagating and educating to raise awareness of environmental protection for local communities, making them see the importance and significance of environmental protection for life and for tourism, creating conditions for people to participate in tourism activities, improving their lives so that they see the benefits of tourism development, thereby making them aware of tourism and the environment. Training them in communication skills with guests so that they can propagate to visitors to protect the environment and ecological landscape.

+ Solutions on construction planning

The planning of Thung Nham eco-tourism area must comply with the criteria of eco-tourism in order to create a relationship between the local community and tourism activities, contributing significantly to the preservation and promotion of natural values and traditional culture.

In tourist areas, all services for tourists such as souvenir stalls, candy and drink shops, small restaurants near tourist attractions must be planned into a separate sales area, divided into sections.

Each stall is like a small shop, avoiding the situation of selling scattered at single points, without shelters causing loss of aesthetics and thus creating a feeling of unprofessionalism when serving tourists. When constructing technical facilities, infrastructure must also ensure scientificity, with a certain appropriate distance so as not to destroy the natural landscape of the tourist area and not affect the ecological environment.

The convenience of facilities, enthusiastic and thoughtful customer service attitude, and good service quality will be important factors in determining the length of stay and the return of visitors.

+ Solutions on education and training to develop human resources

As with all other economic sectors, human resources and professional qualifications are important issues that are key to the development of the tourism industry. To ensure professionalism while still imbued with indigenous culture in Thung Nham tourist area in accordance with the proposed orientation, human resources need to be trained and fostered to meet the development requirements of the tourist area.

Tourism is an economic sector that requires wider and more direct communication with customers, requiring a very high level of professionalism, style and communication attitude of staff in the sector.

To meet the requirements of human resources, Thung Nham needs a comprehensive training program with specific plans.

Short-term training courses according to the above program will be held periodically to serve all local subjects. Invite experts, lecturers with experience in the industry and experts from tourism specialties.

First, it is necessary to train the team of tourism management organizations, local leaders, and educated people so that they can grasp basic knowledge about tourism, improve their management skills, make the right decisions in all activities of the tourist area, and pass on tourism experience to local people.

For local people, ecotourism is still a fairly new concept. At Thung Nham ecotourism area, built in a pristine ecological environment, without human impact, people

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