Factors Affecting the Implementation of the Digitalization Policy of Terrestrial Television Broadcasting in Dak Lak Province

high-tech, forestry, besides that, it is necessary to create conditions for socialization of the television industry, especially in building transmission infrastructure.

Development orientation: Looking from VTV's experience and the issues raised in practice, Dak Lak Provincial Radio and Television Station needs to develop a development orientation for the period 2021-2025, with the following contents:

- Innovate the activities of DRT to better perform the role of the province's key press agency; as an important means of information, propaganda tool, ideological weapon of the Party Committee, government and forum of the People in the province, under the direct and comprehensive leadership of the Provincial Party Committee, direct direction and management of the Provincial People's Committee; operate within the framework of the Constitution and laws and develop sustainably.

- Developing DRT goes hand in hand with good, professional, modern, quality and effective management to meet the information needs of the people, propagate the Party's guidelines, policies and laws of the State, unite and gather the masses, create consensus in society, orient ideology and aesthetics, contribute to improving people's knowledge, developing culture and people of Dak Lak in particular and of the country in general.

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• Qos Assurance Methods for Multimedia Communications zt2i3t4l5ee zt2a3gs zt2a3ge zc2o3n4t5e6n7ts low. The EF PHB requires a sufficiently large number of output ports to provide low delay, low loss, and low jitter. EF PHBs can be implemented if the output port's bandwidth is sufficiently large, combined with small buffer sizes and other network resources dedicated to EF packets, to allow the router's service rate for EF packets on an output port to exceed the arrival rate λ of packets at that port. This means that packets with PHB EF are considered with a pre-allocated amount of output bandwidth and a priority that ensures minimum loss, minimum delay and minimum jitter before being put into operation. PHB EF is suitable for channel simulation, leased line simulation, and real-time services such as voice, video without compromising on high loss, delay and jitter values. Figure 2.10 Example of EF installation Figure 2.10 shows an example of an EF PHB implementation. This is a simple priority queue scheduling technique. At the edges of the DS domain, EF packet traffic is prioritized according to the values ​​agreed upon by the SLA. The EF queue in the figure needs to output packets at a rate higher than the packet arrival rate λ. To provide an EF PHB over an end-to-end DS domain, bandwidth at the output ports of the core routers needs to be allocated in advance to ensure the requirement μ > λ. This can be done by a pre-configured provisioning process. In the figure, EF packets are placed in the priority queue (the upper queue). With such a length, the queue can operate with μ > λ. Since EF was primarily used for real-time services such as voice and video, and since real-time services use UDP instead of TCP, RED is generally not suitable for EF queues because applications using UDP will not respond to random packet drop and RED will strip unnecessary packets. 2.2.4.2 Assured Forwarding (AF) PHB PHB AF is defined by RFC 2597. The purpose of PHB AF is to deliver packets reliably and therefore delay and jitter are considered less important than packet loss. PHB AF is suitable for non-real-time services such as applications using TCP. PHB AF first defines four classes: AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4. For each of these AF classes, packets are then classified into three subclasses with three distinct priority levels. Table 2.8 shows the four AF classes and 12 AF subclasses and the DSCP values ​​for the 12 AF subclasses defined by RFC 2597. RFC 2597 also allows for more than three separate priority levels to be added for internal use. However, these separate priority levels will only have internal significance. PHB Class PHB Subclass Package type DSCP AF4 AF41 Short 100010 AF42 Medium 100100 AF43 High 100110 AF3 AF31 Short 011010 AF32 Medium 011100 AF33 High 011110 AF2 AF21 Short 010010 AF22 Medium 010100 AF23 High 010110 AF1 AF11 Short 001010 AF12 Medium 001100 AF13 High 001110 Table 2.8 AF DSCPs The AF PHB ensures that packets are forwarded with a high probability of delivery to the destination within the bounds of the rate agreed upon in an SLA. If AF traffic at an ingress port exceeds the pre-priority rate, which is considered non-compliant or “out of profile”, the excess packets will not be delivered to the destination with the same probability as the packets belonging to the defined traffic or “in profile” packets. When there is network congestion, the out of profile packets are dropped before the in profile packets are dropped. When service levels are defined using AF classes, different quantity and quality between AF classes can be realized by allocating different amounts of bandwidth and buffer space to the four AF classes. Unlike EF, most AF traffic is non-real-time traffic using TCP, and the RED queue management strategy is an AQM (Adaptive Queue Management) strategy suitable for use in AF PHBs. The four AF PHB layers can be implemented as four separate queues. The output port bandwidth is divided into four AF queues. For each AF queue, packets are marked with three “colors” corresponding to three separate priority levels. In addition to the 32 DSCP 1 groups defined in Table 2.8, 21 DSCPs have been standardized as follows: one for PHB EF, 12 for PHB AF, and 8 for CSCP. There are 11 DSCP 1 groups still available for other standards. 2.2.5.Example of Differentiated Services We will look at an example of the Differentiated Service model and mechanism of operation. The architecture of Differentiated Service consists of two basic sets of functions: Edge functions: include packet classification and traffic conditioning. At the inbound edge of the network, incoming packets are marked. In particular, the DS field in the packet header is set to a certain value. For example, in Figure 2.12, packets sent from H1 to H3 are marked at R1, while packets from H2 to H4 are marked at R2. The labels on the received packets identify the service class to which they belong. Different traffic classes receive different services in the core network. The RFC definition uses the term behavior aggregate rather than the term traffic class. After being marked, a packet can be forwarded immediately into the network, delayed for a period of time before being forwarded, or dropped. We will see that there are many factors that affect how a packet is marked, and whether it is forwarded immediately, delayed, or dropped. Figure 2.12 DiffServ Example Core functionality: When a DS-marked packet arrives at a Diffservcapable router, the packet is forwarded to the next router based on Per-hop behavior is associated with packet classes. Per-hop behavior affects router buffers and the bandwidth shared between competing classes. An important principle of the Differentiated Service architecture is that a router's per-hop behavior is based only on the packet's marking or the class to which it belongs. Therefore, if packets sent from H1 to H3 as shown in the figure receive the same marking as packets from H2 to H4, then the network routers treat the packets exactly the same, regardless of whether the packet originated from H1 or H2. For example, R3 does not distinguish between packets from h1 and H2 when forwarding packets to R4. Therefore, the Differentiated Service architecture avoids the need to maintain router state about separate source-destination pairs, which is important for network scalability. Chapter Conclusion Chapter 2 has presented and clarified two main models of deploying and installing quality of service in IP networks. While the traditional best-effort model has many disadvantages, later models such as IntServ and DiffServ have partly solved the problems that best-effort could not solve. IntServ follows the direction of ensuring quality of service for each separate flow, it is built similar to the circuit switching model with the use of the RSVP resource reservation protocol. IntSer is suitable for services that require fixed bandwidth that is not shared such as VoIP services, multicast TV services. However, IntSer has disadvantages such as using a lot of network resources, low scalability and lack of flexibility. DiffServ was born with the idea of ​​solving the disadvantages of the IntServ model. DiffServ follows the direction of ensuring quality based on the principle of hop-by-hop behavior based on the priority of marked packets. The policy for different types of traffic is decided by the administrator and can be changed according to reality, so it is very flexible. DiffServ makes better use of network resources, avoiding idle bandwidth and processing capacity on routers. In addition, the DifServ model can be deployed on many independent domains, so the ability to expand the network becomes easy. Chapter 3: METHODS TO ENSURE QoS FOR MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATIONS In packet-switched networks, different packet flows often have to share the transmission medium all the way to the destination station. To ensure the fair and efficient allocation of bandwidth to flows, appropriate serving mechanisms are required at network nodes, especially at gateways or routers, where many different data flows often pass through. The scheduler is responsible for serving packets of the selected flow and deciding which packet will be served next. Here, a flow is understood as a set of packets belonging to the same priority class, or originating from the same source, or having the same source and destination addresses, etc. In normal state when there is no congestion, packets will be sent as soon as they are delivered. In case of congestion, if QoS assurance methods are not applied, prolonged congestion can cause packet drops, affecting service quality. In some cases, congestion is prolonged and widespread in the network, which can easily lead to the network being "frozen", or many packets being dropped, seriously affecting service quality. Therefore, in this chapter, in sections 3.2 and 3.3, we introduce some typical network traffic load monitoring techniques to predict and prevent congestion before it occurs through the measure of dropping (removing) packets early when there are signs of impending congestion. 3.1. DropTail method DropTail is a simple, traditional queue management method based on FIFO mechanism. All incoming packets are placed in the queue, when the queue is full, the later packets are dropped. Due to its simplicity and ease of implementation, DropTail has been used for many years on Internet router systems. However, this algorithm has the following disadvantages: − Cannot avoid the phenomenon of “Lock out”: Occurs when 1 or several traffic streams monopolize the queue, making packets of other connections unable to pass through the router. This phenomenon greatly affects reliable transmission protocols such as TCP. According to the anti-congestion algorithm, when locked out, the TCP connection stream will reduce the window size and reduce the packet transmission speed exponentially. − Can cause Global Synchronization: This is the result of a severe “Lock out” phenomenon. Some neighboring routers have their queues monopolized by a number of connections, causing a series of other TCP connections to be unable to pass through and simultaneously reducing the transmission speed. After those monopolized connections are temporarily suspended, Once the queue is cleared, it takes a considerable amount of time for TCP connections to return to their original speed. − Full Queue phenomenon: Data transmitted on the Internet often has an explosion, packets arriving at the router are often in clusters rather than in turn. Therefore, the operating mechanism of DropTail makes the queue easily full for a long period of time, leading to the average delay time of large packets. To avoid this phenomenon, with DropTail, the only way is to increase the router's buffer, this method is very expensive and ineffective. − No QoS guarantee: With the DropTail mechanism, there is no way to prioritize important packets to be transmitted through the router earlier when all are in the queue. Meanwhile, with multimedia communication, ensuring connection and stable speed is extremely important and the DropTail algorithm cannot satisfy. The problem of choosing the buffer size of the routers in the network is to “absorb” short bursts of traffic without causing too much queuing delay. This is necessary in bursty data transmission. The queue size determines the size of the packet bursts (traffic spikes) that we want to be able to transmit without being dropped at the routers. In IP-based application networks, packet dropping is an important mechanism for indirectly reporting congestion to end stations. A solution that prevents router queues from filling up while reducing the packet drop rate is called dynamic queue management. 3.2. Random elimination method – RED 3.2.1 Overview RED (Random Early Detection of congestion; Random Early Drop) is one of the first AQM algorithms proposed in 1993 by Sally Floyd and Van Jacobson, two scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory of the University of California, USA. Due to its outstanding advantages compared to previous queue management algorithms, RED has been widely installed and deployed on the Internet. The most fundamental point of their work is that the most effective place to detect congestion and react to it is at the gateway or router. Source entities (senders) can also do this by estimating end-to-end delay, throughput variability, or the rate of packet retransmissions due to drop. However, the sender and receiver view of a particular connection cannot tell which gateways on the network are congested, and cannot distinguish between propagation delay and queuing delay. Only the gateway has a true view of the state of the queue, the link share of the connections passing through it at any given time, and the quality of service requirements of the traffic flows. The RED gateway monitors the average queue length, which detects early signs of impending congestion (average queue length exceeding a predetermined threshold) and reacts appropriately in one of two ways: − Drop incoming packets with a certain probability, to indirectly inform the source of congestion, the source needs to reduce the transmission rate to keep the queue from filling up, maintaining the ability to absorb incoming traffic spikes. − Mark “congestion” with a certain probability in the ECN field in the header of TCP packets to notify the source (the receiving entity will copy this bit into the acknowledgement packet). Figure 3. 1 RED algorithm The main goal of RED is to avoid congestion by keeping the average queue size within a sufficiently small and stable region, which also means keeping the queuing delay sufficiently small and stable. Achieving this goal also helps: avoid global synchronization, not resist bursty traffic flows (i.e. flows with low average throughput but high volatility), and maintain an upper bound on the average queue size even in the absence of cooperation from transport layer protocols. To achieve the above goals, RED gateways must do the following: − The first is to detect congestion early and react appropriately to keep the average queue size small enough to keep the network operating in the low latency, high throughput region, while still allowing the queue size to fluctuate within a certain range to absorb short-term fluctuations. As discussed above, the gateway is the most appropriate place to detect congestion and is also the most appropriate place to decide which specific connection to report congestion to. − The second thing is to notify the source of congestion. This is done by marking and notifying the source to reduce traffic. Normally the RED gateway will randomly drop packets. However, if congestion If congestion is detected before the queue is full, it should be combined with packet marking to signal congestion. The RED gateway has two options: drop or mark; where marking is done by marking the ECN field of the packet with a certain probability, to signal the source to reduce the traffic entering the network. − An important goal that RED gateways need to achieve is to avoid global synchronization and not to resist traffic flows that have a sudden characteristic. Global synchronization occurs when all connections simultaneously reduce their transmission window size, leading to a severe drop in throughput at the same time. On the other hand, Drop Tail or Random Drop strategies are very sensitive to sudden flows; that is, the gateway queue will often overflow when packets from these flows arrive. To avoid these two phenomena, gateways can use special algorithms to detect congestion and decide which connections will be notified of congestion at the gateway. The RED gateway randomly selects incoming packets to mark; with this method, the probability of marking a packet from a particular connection is proportional to the connection's shared bandwidth at the gateway. − Another goal is to control the average queue size even without cooperation from the source entities. This can be done by dropping packets when the average size exceeds an upper threshold (instead of marking it). This approach is necessary in cases where most connections have transmission times that are less than the round-trip time, or where the source entities are not able to reduce traffic in response to marking or dropping packets (such as UDP flows). 3.2.2 Algorithm This section describes the algorithm for RED gateways. RED gateways calculate the average queue size using a low-pass filter. This average queue size is compared with two thresholds: minth and maxth. When the average queue size is less than the lower threshold, no incoming packets are marked or dropped; when the average queue size is greater than the upper threshold, all incoming packets are dropped. When the average queue size is between minth and maxth, each incoming packet is marked or dropped with a probability pa, where pa is a function of the average queue size avg; the probability of marking or dropping a packet for a particular connection is proportional to the bandwidth share of that connection at the gateway. The general algorithm for a RED gateway is described as follows: [5] For each packet arrival Caculate the average queue size avg If minth ≤ avg < maxth div.maincontent .s1 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15pt; } div.maincontent .s2 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15pt; } div.maincontent .p { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; margin:0pt; } div.maincontent p { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; margin:0pt; } div.maincontent .s3 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; } div.maincontent .s4 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; } div.maincontent .s5 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; } div.maincontent .s6 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; } div.maincontent .s7 { color: black; font-family:Wingdings; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; } div.maincontent .s8 { color: black; font-family:Arial, sans-serif; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15pt; } div.maincontent .s9 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; } div.maincontent .s10 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 6pt; } div.maincontent .s11 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 13pt; } div.maincontent .s12 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 10pt; } div.maincontent .s13 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-d
• Factors Affecting the Implementation of Ktqt in Jordan
• Factors Affecting the Development and Implementation of Laws on Combating Unfair Competition in Banking Activities
• Factors Affecting the Implementation of Autonomy Mechanism at State Enterprises
• Research Results of Factors Affecting the Implementation of Management Accounting to Evaluate Operational Efficiency in Travel Enterprises

- In addition to the mechanisms, policies and necessary conditions of the Provincial Party Committee, Provincial People's Council, Provincial People's Committee, DRT needs to increase the mobilization of development resources, but must ensure the correct principles, purposes of operation and compliance with the law, constantly innovate, improve operational efficiency, create many diverse, unique, special and deeply humane press works, in order to provide quality public career services, perform well the political and propaganda tasks and meet the increasingly high and diverse information and entertainment needs of the people.

- Develop DRT in line with the development trend of science, technology, information and communication in the world. Closely combine two types of journalism (spoken and visual) while promoting the advantages of media and information services.

Internet, to proactively provide official, oriented information, increase coverage across the province, region and country; limit negative impacts and ensure network information safety and security.

Innovate and develop DRT into a modern, prestigious and influential press agency in the Central and Central Highlands regions, making an important contribution to the development of the province, the country and the development of Vietnam's revolutionary press; helping DRT overcome all difficulties and challenges, gradually improve operational efficiency and quality of press products, strive for autonomy with the type of " public service unit self-guaranteeing regular expenditure ", provide high-quality public services, perform well the political and propaganda tasks assigned by the province and meet the increasingly high and diverse information and entertainment needs of the people; increase revenue, strong and stable financial resources and increase income for officials and employees and actively contribute to the development of the radio and television industry and Vietnam's revolutionary press.

-Regarding the organization of production, transmission, broadcasting and posting of programs:

+ From 2021 to 2022: Stabilize production time and broadcasting forms, posting on radio and television channels as present.

+ From 2023 to 2025: Gradually increase the production and broadcasting time of the Radio channel to 19 hours/day and Dak Lak Television channel to 24 hours/day; expand the coverage of radio and television channels effectively in the direction of multimedia and multi-platform communication.

- Regarding the quality of radio and television programs: Constantly innovate and improve the quality of radio and television programs, striving that by the end of 2022, Dak Lak Radio and Television Station will become a local radio and television station with the most attractive radio and television programs in the Central Highlands region and by 2025, Dak Lak Radio and Television Station will be one of the leading radio and television stations in the Central Highlands region.

Among the 5 local radio and television stations with the most attractive, unique, and special programs, attracting the most audiences in the Central and Central Highlands regions.

- Regarding organizational model, organizational structure and human resources:

Innovating and building an organizational model associated with innovating the model of collecting, processing and distributing news effectively, in line with the National Press Development and Management Plan until 2025 and meeting the requirements of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, helping DRT overcome difficulties, gradually improve operational efficiency and develop sustainably. On that basis, establish a streamlined organizational structure, operate effectively and ensure that by 2025, all DRT officials and employees are capable of working professionally in a digital environment.

Chapter 1 summary:

Chapter 1 studies Viewpoints, Resolutions, Decisions on digitalization and digital transformation policies. Researches theoretical bases and models for implementing digitalization and digital transformation policies in the field of television. Overview of digital television according to the general trend of the world, opening up perspectives on production methods and production forces in the period of digitalization and digital transformation. Analyzes, surveys, and studies digitalization and digital transformation models in television through models of television stations such as VTV, Lao Cai TV, etc. Thereby drawing lessons for Dak Lak PT-TH to better implement the digitalization and digital transformation process.

The Ministry of Information and Communications has been focusing on implementing the national digital transformation policy, with many orientations and issuing many documents and decisions related to digital terrestrial television broadcasting. Local provinces and cities are also focusing on researching, selecting and issuing appropriate policy decisions, accelerating the digital television transformation process in their localities and regions.

Chapter 2

CURRENT STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITALIZATION POLICY OF TERRESTRIAL TELEVISION TRANSMISSION AND BROADCASTING IN THE AREA

DAK LAK PROVINCE

2.1. Factors affecting the implementation of the policy of digitalizing terrestrial television broadcasting transmission in Dak Lak province

2.1.1. General overview of Dak Lak province.

2.1.1.1. Geographical location and natural conditions

Dak Lak province is located in the center of the Central Highlands, the source of the Serepok river system and part of the Ba river, located in the geographical coordinates from 107o28'57" to 108o59'37" East longitude and from 12o9'45" to 13o25'06" North latitude, with an average altitude of 400 - 800 meters above sea level, 1,410 km from Hanoi and 350 km from Ho Chi Minh City.

- North borders Gia Lai province.

- To the East, it borders Phu Yen and Khanh Hoa.

- The South borders Lam Dong and Dak Nong.

- Bordering Cambodia to the west.

Dak Lak has an area of ​​13,125.37 km2, the total population of the province as of 2012 reached 1,796,666 people, population density reached more than 137 people/km2. Of which, the urban population reached 432,458 people, the rural population reached

1,364,208 people. Male population is 906,619 people, female population is 890,047 people. Dak Lak community consists of 47 ethnic groups. Of which, Kinh people account for over 70%; ethnic minorities such as Ede, M'nong, Thai, Tay, Nung... account for nearly 30% of the province's population, with 15 district-level administrative units, including 01 city, 01 town and 13 districts. Of which, there are 184 commune-level administrative units, including 152 communes, 20 wards and 12 towns.

The province's population is unevenly distributed across the districts, mainly concentrated in Buon Ma Thuot city, towns, district capitals, along National Highways 14, 26, 27 such as Krong Buk, Krong Pak, Ea Kar, Krong Ana. Districts with low population density are mainly particularly disadvantaged districts such as Ea Sup, Buon Don, Lak, Krong Bong, M'Drak, Ea Hleo, etc.

In the province, in addition to the local ethnic minorities, there are also many other migrants from the Northern and Central provinces who come to Dak Lak to settle down. In recent years, Dak Lak's population has fluctuated due to mechanical increase, mainly due to spontaneous migration, which has caused great pressure on the province in terms of solving residential land, production land and issues of social life, security and order and ecological environment.

2.1.1.2. Economic - Socio-cultural characteristics

- Economy: Dak Lak's main economy is mainly the production and export of agricultural and forestry products. The province has potential for eco-tourism, and is also a major cotton, cocoa, rubber, and cashew growing area in Vietnam. At the same time, it is a place to grow other fruit trees, such as avocado, durian, rambutan, mango... In particular, Dak Lak is the province with the largest coffee export area and products in the country.

- Regarding culture, Dak Lak is a province with many ethnic groups living together, each ethnic group has its own cultural beauty. Especially the traditional culture of the Ede, M'Nong, Gia Rai ethnic groups... with gong festivals, buffalo stabbing, spring elephant racing; stilt house architecture, communal house; famous ancient musical instruments such as gong sets, lithophones, T'rung; Central Highlands epics... are valuable tangible and intangible cultural products, in which "Central Highlands Gong Cultural Space" has been recognized by UNESCO as an oral masterpiece and intangible cultural heritage of humanity. All the good cultural traditions of the ethnic groups create the diversity and richness of Dak Lak's culture.

With the geographical, population, cultural, economic and social conditions of Dak Lak Province, it poses opportunities and challenges for the radio and television system in orienting future development, contributing to the management, promotion and comprehensive economic development of the Province. In particular, the radio and television system needs to orient the production of cultural and social programs to promote and facilitate tourism development. Develop programs to promote industrial and forestry production brands, facilitate the socialization of the television industry and bring the image of the Province to the world.

2.1.2. The impact of natural, economic and socio-cultural conditions on the implementation of the digitalization policy of terrestrial television broadcasting in Dak Lak province.

2.1.2.1. Advantages

Dak Lak is the province with the fastest development potential in the Central Highlands. In recent years, the issue of proactively linking to find a direction and develop has been implemented synchronously. Dak Lak province has signed and implemented many cooperation programs with provinces in the Central Highlands and neighboring areas, such as the Socio-Economic Development Cooperation Program. Through implementation, a number of cooperation contents and programs have brought about positive effects, especially in the digitalization field of the 4.0 revolution. Implementing Decision No. 2451-QD-TTg dated December 27, 2011 of the Prime Minister approving the Project on digitalization of terrestrial television transmission and broadcasting by 2020, Dak Lak province has issued a plan to implement the Project, mobilizing the participation of authorities at all levels in the transformation and quality improvement.

Pursuant to Notice No. 148/TB-BTTTT of the Ministry of Information and Communications on the conclusion at the 16th meeting of the Steering Committee for the Vietnam Television Digitization Project, Dak Lak province belongs to group IV and the time to stop broadcasting

Analog terrestrial television waves for main transmitting stations and retransmitting stations in the province from 0:00 on December 28, 2020.

To prepare for the conditions for stopping broadcasting analog terrestrial television in the province, the Department of Information and Communications requests the People's Committees of districts, towns and cities to direct the Radio - Television Station, the Center for Culture, Information and Sports; People's Committees of communes, wards and towns to continue to propagate the time to stop broadcasting on the grassroots radio system and mobile information. Post the digital television information switchboard 1900 1559 and the website www.sohoatruyenhinh.vn on the local electronic information page. Therefore, grasping and implementing policies effectively and responding to the digital transformation process is an inevitable trend of the television industry. The implementation of digital television will bring benefits such as improving the quality of television channels and being able to provide hundreds of channels to people. until 0:00 on December 31, 2020, the end of Analog television broadcasting

2.1.2.2. Difficulties

- Dak Lak is a province that has just made a breakthrough in socio-economic development in recent years, so the problem of essential infrastructure is still largely backward, funding is difficult, so there has not been synchronous investment in the transmission system.

- Areas with many high mountains and terrain with interference from concave and concave areas. These are the characteristics of the terrain of Dak Lak province in particular and Vietnam in general that affect the propagation of radio waves, causing difficulties for television transmission.

- The promotion of using other broadcasting transmission methods such as leasing; socialization...etc. to accelerate the digitalization roadmap of terrestrial transmission and broadcasting in Dak Lak province has not been consistent and timely.

- Calling for investment to compete and promote the deployment of advanced services on terrestrial digital infrastructure to maximize the capacity of the digital broadcasting system and compete equally with other television services such as cable television, internet television and satellite television, is still slow.

- The focal point for implementing specific work is Dak Lak Radio and Television Station (DRT) to implement the policy of digitalizing terrestrial television broadcasting transmission, which has not been drastic and timely enough to carry out the digital conversion of all digital television receiving devices (digital television receivers, digital television receivers) to receive these television channels of different terrestrial digital television broadcasting and transmission networks, so that people can access them easily.

- Due to the fact that the work has not yet arisen much, and due to the impact of the epidemic, the Standing Committee of the Steering Committee did not advise on organizing a meeting in the first 6 months of the year... When there are sufficient conditions for implementation, it will report to the Head of the Steering Committee for comments later. The difficulty depends on the implementation plan of the Ministry's agencies and the National Steering Committee....

- The survey of poor and near-poor households lacks information such as: ID number, identification code, household registration book, address... provided by the commune and district management levels.

2.2. Organizing the implementation of the policy of digitalizing broadcasting and terrestrial television transmission in Dak Lak province.

2.2.1. On developing a plan to implement the policy of digitalizing broadcasting and terrestrial television transmission in the area.

Developing a policy implementation plan is a very important step before putting the policy into practice; the plan will set out the purpose, requirements, specific contents of each task, time, implementation solutions and assign responsibilities to each relevant agency and unit for implementation.

In Dak Lak, the Provincial People's Committee issued Official Dispatch No. 5352/UBND-KGVX dated July 4, 2019 on the implementation of the Terrestrial Television Digitization Project in the area.