This work mainly studies the effectiveness of English BMĐT for foreign audiences, not approaching from the perspective of BMĐT implementing QTDNL of Vietnamese citizens in the press, however, the author of the thesis can still inherit the research method of the problem.
Master's thesis of Tran Quang Huy (2006), Interactive activities on electronic newspapers : From practical research on interactive activities of electronic newspapers, the thesis has generalized into theory (concepts, characteristics, methods of organizing activities) on interaction on electronic newspapers. This work provides the author of the thesis with more theoretical and practical knowledge on the issue of interaction between electronic newspapers and their audiences and vice versa.
Group 3: Works that are scientific articles
- In the world:
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Mark Deuze, Online Journalism modelling the first generation of news media on the world wide web , Holland, December 1998: Through his practical journalism activities and his ability to research and teach new forms of journalism, Mark Deuze has provided a general and scientific definition and characteristics of online journalism, which is very valuable and useful, and is still applied today. Many researchers have inherited the online journalism theory of this work. The notable point in this article is the emphasis on the role of readers' participation in the information production process of newspapers when published on the Internet.
In the research paper The Case of Online Newspaper and The Web , (Southern California University, USA, 7/1999), Colleen M. Keough and Thora Chistiansen argued that BMĐT is the F2 product (a bread aprt - a separate breed) of the combination of all previous forms of journalism. Therefore , BMĐT has many advantages over previous forms of journalism, being able to welcome readers to the newspaper to read news and interact with the newspaper. From this study, the author of the thesis can draw a useful argument: the advantages of BMĐT will be a competitive advantage, helping BMĐT to implement citizen QTDNL better than other forms of journalism.
- In Vietnam:
In the article “The Press and the Responsibility to Respect the Truth”, author Vu Quynh stated that the mission of the press is to respect objective truth. The press that reflects the truth will lead to correct perception and correct action. However, there is a reality that, for personal or group interests, there are still newspapers that report false information, or use negative and untrue statements from witnesses, allowing those who oppose the country to take advantage of and disrupt information.
2. General assessment of research works in the Overview of research situation and issues to be solved in the thesis
2.1. General assessment of the issues mentioned in the research works in the Overview
In the Overview of the research situation, the author of the thesis has collected, compiled, and analyzed from the perspective of Journalism the documents of foreign countries and Vietnam, according to 2 main research directions: (i) Research direction of QTDNL on citizen press; (ii) Research direction of electronic press implementing QTDNL of citizens. From the analysis of these documents, the author of the thesis observed: there is no document directly referring to the research problem of the thesis which is the electronic press implementing the freedom of speech of citizens . However, through the study of these documents, the author of the thesis has also collected a lot of valuable knowledge about QTDNL, about press and electronic press, which can be applied to the process of implementing the thesis.
- In the direction of QTDNL research in citizen journalism:
The author of the thesis determined that this is the first research work to “distill” the basic knowledge about QTDNL from foreign and Vietnamese documents, using it as a scientific premise to build a theoretical basis for QTDNL: determining the concept, attributes, and nature of QTDNL. Therefore, these documents were studied carefully and thoroughly by the author of the thesis, from which the following observations were drawn:
Firstly, the documents related to QTDNL are quite rich and diverse in terms of approach, such as: philosophy, political science; law; journalism; cultural studies, etc. This shows that QTDNL is related to human "freedom", so it has received much attention from many people, focusing most on the Enlightenment period (18th and 19th centuries) - when the first democratic states were born. Up to now, QTDNL is still a topical issue, even quite "hot" in the digital age, however, the "heat" now is not the debate about the nature of QTDNL as before, but the "heat" in the sudden increase in the level of QTDNL usage by individuals in society.
Second, the content related to QTDNL mentioned in the documents is quite scattered, not deep, often in the form of raising issues, or interwoven in the process of explaining other social issues, even just skimmed over a few lines, or placed in a reference frame with human rights and freedoms. There are almost no documents with in-depth, methodical and systematic theoretical research, almost no documents present the concept of QTDNL in a general scientific manner.
Third, through studying these documents, the author of the thesis also draws some scientific arguments that can be used for the thesis: (i) QTDNL has been approached by researchers from many different angles and from different times, however, they all have something in common when affirming : only in a democratic society can people enjoy QTDNL . (ii) The fundamental difference in the views of researchers: There is a school that believes that QTDNL is a natural right (absolute right) and should be used indefinitely; Another school believes that QTDNL is a legal right (not absolute), which can be limited or temporarily suspended. This difference in concept leads to different implementations of QTDNL. This is an open gap, the thesis needs to continue to research.
- In the research direction of BMĐT implementing QTDNL of citizens
This research direction is approached from two perspectives:
Firstly, research works on journalism in general: documents on journalism theory in the world and in Vietnam are quite rich in types of documents, relatively systematic and methodical in content, there is not much difference in basic content in journalism theory of foreign countries and Vietnam, (such as: concepts, basic characteristics, creative process of works, principles of operation, professional ethics), therefore, the author of the thesis can inherit the original or not, depending on the purpose of exploiting the documents. However, according to the observation of the author of the thesis, these documents have not mentioned the issue of BMĐT implementing QTDNL of Vietnamese citizens today.
Second, research works on BMĐT:
Although there are not many documents on BMĐT in the world and in Vietnam, the content is quite systematic. In particular, documents on BMĐT in Vietnam have been used in journalism and communication training schools, so these documents ensure scientific quality, are quite standard in language, and can be inherited from the original. However, those documents only mention the general theory of BMĐT, but do not mention the issue of BMĐT implementing QTDNL of citizens . This is the gap that the thesis needs to study.
These are extremely valuable scientific values of previous research works that the thesis can absorb and inherit during the thesis implementation process.
2.2. Issues that the thesis needs further research
* In theory
- Human rights in the press is a fairly "open" field, which can be approached in many different directions. Therefore, the author of the thesis needs to study interdisciplinary scientific theories to establish the concept of human rights; human rights attributes; similarities and differences between normal human rights and human rights in the press; legal basis for human rights (what is enjoyed and what is restricted) and must draw a conclusion: Is human rights a natural right, enjoyed indefinitely? Or is human rights a legal right, enjoyed within the limits prescribed by law?
- The author of the thesis needs to build a theoretical framework for the implementation of citizen's rights in the press: (i) It is necessary to establish the concepts of tools according to the specific concept: rights/ implementation/ freedom of speech/ freedom of speech in the press/ citizens; (ii) It is necessary to establish the theoretical basis and theories of approaches to research on rights/ implementation of rights/ implementation of citizens' rights/ freedom of speech in the press/ citizens; (iii) It is necessary to establish the legal framework of the international and Vietnamese countries regulating the rights/ implementation of rights/ implementation of citizens' rights/ freedom of speech in the press (what specific tasks must the rights/ implementation of rights/ freedom of speech in the press be performed to meet and satisfy the maximum needs of citizens to enjoy rights/ freedom of speech in the press?).
* In practice
- It is necessary to study the practice of the press implementing citizens' rights through some models of the world and the practice of Vietnam before 2015, to see the unique features of the press of each country when implementing citizens' rights.
- It is necessary to survey, research, analyze and evaluate the current status of BMĐT implementing QTDNL in the press of Vietnamese citizens (by empirical methods through typical events surveyed on the basis of specific BMĐT cases, from 2015 to 2019 and up to now - 2021).
- Based on the scientific assessment of the current status of the BMĐT implementing QTDNL in the press of citizens, in the context of international and domestic issues, the thesis needs to propose appropriate solutions to promote the BMĐT implementing QTDNL of citizens in the press in general, and the BMĐT in particular, to become better and better in the coming time.
- In addition to studying the reality of the legal subject, the BMĐT, implementing the citizen's right to freedom of expression in the press from 2015 to 2019 in order to provide valid and scientific arguments to refute the views of hostile forces: Are Vietnamese citizens entitled to freedom of expression in the press or not ? The author of the thesis needs to find more practical evidence on how citizens (rights subjects) implement freedom of expression in the press, what are the results and why are there such results? Factors
What affects that result? Citizen satisfaction level with the implementation of citizen QTDNL by BMĐT.
Summary of research situation overview
Overview of the research situation is the first step in the journey of carrying out the thesis. Research documents closely following the thesis topic will help the process of reaching the goal to be more clearly oriented. Through collecting, statistics, classifying, screening, analyzing the content, evaluating the documents in general, drawing out valuable scientific knowledge to inherit for the thesis, the author of the thesis comes to the following conclusions:
First, from the perspective of related documents:
The assessments in section 1.2 of the Overview chapter have shown that there have been many research works in the world and in Vietnam with content related to QTDNL, press, BMĐT, in which there are valuable scientific arguments close to the thesis topic that the thesis author can inherit, however, there are still many gaps left by these documents, which need to be systematically and deeply researched.
It is possible to summarize the gaps that the thesis needs to continue to study: (i) Theoretical and practical issues of the BMĐT implementing the QTDNL of citizens; (ii) Research and evaluate the current status of the BMĐT implementing the QTDNL of Vietnamese citizens; (iii) Analyze the issues raised and propose solutions and recommendations to promote the BMĐT to better implement the QTDNL of citizens in the coming time.
Thus, according to the thesis author's observation of the documents available up to the time of registering the thesis topic, there has not been any in-depth research at the level of a doctoral thesis on the BMĐT implementing the QTDNL of Vietnamese citizens today, so it can be affirmed that: The topic of the thesis " BMĐT implementing the QTDNL of Vietnamese citizens today " does not overlap with existing research works, has topical significance, has scientific significance in theory and practice, and is very necessary to research .
Second, on the cognitive side
Regarding the research viewpoints of authors from abroad and Vietnam, although approaching from different angles, they all demonstrate the necessary seriousness in scientific research, respect for objective reality, positive attitude and fairness. On the same theoretical issue, Vietnamese documents and foreign documents are often quite consistent in content and approach, so when inheriting scientific knowledge from these documents, the author of the thesis may not need to pay too much attention to the political stance and research viewpoint of the authors. The most obvious thing is that the existing works help the author of the thesis approach the basic theoretical foundation, especially the philosophical viewpoint of dialectical materialism and historical materialism of Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh thought, on that basis inheriting the theoretical knowledge of interdisciplinary sciences (such as: political science, psychology, sociology, cultural studies, linguistics, journalism, etc.) in the process of researching the thesis.
Third, from a methodological perspective
Existing research works often use philosophical thinking methods, placing the individual in the general, placing the individual in a common relationship, placing the press in the specific political, historical, and cultural correlation of the country and the world. This is very helpful for the thesis author when researching the topic, however, this is also a difficulty for the thesis author, because when dissecting and researching each issue of the press, rights and TDNL in the topic of BMĐT implementing QTDNL of specific citizens in Vietnam, it is possible to encounter "prejudices about thinking patterns", so, certainly, the thesis author will have to use some research perspectives in a forced way. However, that does not affect the inheritance of scientific values of the research works.
In general, hundreds of documents were researched and only a few were extracted from them that were related to the topic of the BMĐT implementing the freedom of speech of Vietnamese citizens today, but they will be extremely valuable "seeds" of knowledge, setting the first foundational milestones in theory and practice.
help the thesis author to carry out the thesis research in the right direction and with quality. In particular, in the context of current digital media, the implementation of QTDNL in the press of citizens according to the law has become the daily work of BMĐT and BMĐT is also facing many challenges. Therefore, the study of the Overview of the research situation related to the topic "BMĐT implementing QTDNL in the press of Vietnamese citizens today" is to have a general view, to draw out theoretical issues, from which to "look" into the practical research of BMĐT implementing QTDNL of Vietnamese citizens, is a necessary work, with theoretical and practical significance. The documents in this Overview will certainly provide effective support for the further research of the thesis.