exploitation and mistreatment of persons with disabilities. The State encourages and creates favorable conditions for persons with disabilities to exercise their political, economic, cultural and social rights equally and to develop their abilities to stabilize their lives, integrate into the community, participate in social activities, receive health care, rehabilitation, create suitable jobs and enjoy other rights as prescribed by law. Thereby promoting the integration of persons with disabilities in the fields of health, education, labor, construction, transportation, information technology, culture, sports, law, supporting the establishment of self-help organizations for persons with disabilities; assisting in vocational training and job creation; improving the ability of persons with disabilities to access and use cultural and public works and other basic social services.
3.4.6. Inheriting the values of the Hong Duc Code in the process of perfecting the law on protecting the rights of ethnic minorities in the current period. Vietnam is a country of 54 ethnic groups, of which the ethnic group accounts for the largest population.
especially the Kinh ethnic group, the rest are 53 ethnic minorities. Our Party and State always identify: " The issue of ethnicity and national unity is a fundamental, long-term strategic issue, and at the same time, an urgent issue of the Vietnamese revolution today ". Most ethnic minorities live in mountainous areas, remote areas, border and island areas with difficult socio-economic conditions but are also areas with strategic positions in terms of economy, politics, national defense, security, and international exchange. Right from its inception, the State has clearly seen the importance of national unity and national equality. Equality, solidarity, and mutual assistance for mutual development are important principles when building legal policies. The laws of the early Le Dynasty had many provisions to contribute to strengthening the spirit of national unity and protecting the rights of ethnic minorities. These policies demonstrate the harmony between law and customs, reflecting the fine traditions of the Vietnamese people, creating great strength to build and protect the Fatherland. Inheriting those traditions, the current state needs to perfect the law in the direction of:
First: Improve legal awareness for people
The majority of ethnic minorities live in remote, border areas, where access to and enjoyment of transportation, cultural and social information is not complete and adequate, so understanding of politics and society, awareness of compliance and implementation
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Compliance with the law is still limited. Many customs and habits of ethnic minorities are violations of the law that they do not know, such as when giving birth, the father and mother do not register the birth of the child, the family has a death but does not register the death, the custom of connecting strings, men and women starting a family do not need to register their marriage, the phenomenon of early marriage, bride kidnapping, fines, deforestation for farming... Not only that, due to lack of understanding of the law, a part of ethnic minorities are easily lured, bribed, enticed to follow evil religions, commit illegal acts that affect the common interests of the nation, people, violate political security, social order and safety and some other areas. Therefore, the work of disseminating and educating the law for all people in general and ethnic minorities in particular needs to be strengthened, promoted, and implemented regularly and continuously to gradually improve people's understanding of the law, limit illegal acts and actions due to lack of full understanding of the law. At the same time, gradually mobilize people to eliminate backward customs and practices that violate the law, encourage humane customs and practices, and promote national cultural traditions. Mobilization work must be carried out in appropriate forms, measures and contents to gradually change people's awareness and behavior. Along with improving legal understanding, there must be many different solutions to develop the economy, culture, society, improve people's material and spiritual life to create changes in awareness and thinking. Thereby contributing to the goal of true equality among ethnic groups, promoting the strength of national solidarity to successfully build a socialist rule of law state in Vietnam.
Second: Strengthening the participation of ethnic minorities in the state apparatus
In recent years, the State has always created conditions for ethnic minorities to actively participate in the activities of the State apparatus from the central to local levels. The law stipulates that citizens have political equality regardless of ethnicity, and have the right to participate in politics through the implementation of representative democracy and direct democracy. Vietnamese citizens of ethnic minorities have the right to participate in State and social management, run for election to the National Assembly and People's Councils like all other citizens, only need to be eighteen years of age or older to have the right to vote and twenty-one years of age or older to run for election to the National Assembly and People's Councils according to the provisions of law. Therefore, the proportion of representatives of ethnic minorities holding positions in the leadership apparatus of the National Assembly, the Government and People's Councils at all levels
is quite high and is constantly increasing, especially in provinces with a large ethnic minority population. To increase the participation of ethnic minorities in state activities, it is necessary to have many measures to plan, train and use ethnic leaders and managers to meet the requirements of human resources in the new development stage. Pay special attention to building a team of cadres to do mass mobilization, ethnic and religious work. Take care of and treat ethnic minority cadres and cadres working in ethnic minority areas, typical dignitaries, and prestigious people in the community. Continue to effectively implement the Project on developing Party members in ethnic minority areas. Pay attention to the work of developing Party members and union members who are ethnic minorities. Effectively implementing all of the above contents will actively contribute to increasing the participation of ethnic minorities in the state apparatus, thereby indirectly contributing to protecting the rights of ethnic minorities in the current period.
In summary : The Hong Duc Code has many unavoidable limitations due to the historical conditions and circumstances of the 15th century. However, besides these limitations, there are still progressive values, consistent with world trends, which can be applied to perfect the provisions of modern law. Especially in solving some issues on protecting vulnerable social groups. However, many issues of the Hong Duc Code cannot be mechanically applied to the present because 500 years have passed, the social context has changed, the nature of the state and the law are no longer the same... but the Hong Duc Code still has values that can be applied on the basis of supplementing new contents. The study of the contents of the Hong Duc Code protecting the rights of disadvantaged social groups contributes to perfecting the legal system in an increasingly humane and progressive direction, in line with the progressive trends of the world, better protecting human rights, contributing to building a socialist rule of law state. The study of these values also contributes to affirming the progressive and humane values of the Vietnamese legal tradition, affirming the independence and uniqueness of the Hong Duc Code. Thereby promoting the fine traditional values of the nation and the values of Vietnamese culture imbued with national identity. At the same time, it also contributes to perfecting the system of legal documents, overcoming the current shortcomings of Vietnamese law, especially in the field of protecting the rights of disadvantaged social groups.
CONCLUDE
The Hong Duc Code was drafted in the context of the country having just won against foreign invaders with many difficulties still evident before our eyes and the need to build a rich and strong state, consolidating the still unstable position of the Le Dynasty. This Code was completed under the reign of King Le Thanh Tong, when the Le Dynasty had achieved stability, discipline and prosperity. The Hong Duc Code was born from the inheritance of legislative achievements of previous dynasties, the customs and practices of the nation, selectively absorbing the quintessence of Chinese law along with the autonomous, independent and creative thinking of the lawmakers of the Le Dynasty, especially Le Thanh Tong. The birth of the Code met the urgent demands of the country's situation and became a typical legislative achievement in the legislative history of Vietnam.
The legal norms in the Hong Duc Code are flexible, easy to understand, easy to apply, but also clearly demonstrate the strictness, education, deterrence, and prevention of violations of the law. Reconciling the relationship between law, ethics, and customs has left many values that are still accepted and applied today. In particular, the Hong Duc Code has paid great attention to protecting the rights of vulnerable social groups such as women, the elderly, children, criminals, the disabled, the mentally ill, ethnic minorities, etc. Not only paying attention, the Hong Duc Code also has many effective methods and mechanisms to ensure that those rights are implemented in practice. That demonstrates the humanity, progress, and independence of the Hong Duc Code. In the context that our country is moving towards building a socialist rule of law state, perfecting the legal system, especially the law on human rights, is one of the necessary and urgent tasks.
Studying the Hong Duc Code on the issue of protecting the rights of disadvantaged social groups is a necessary task to promote and inherit the history and legal traditions of the nation. Reaffirming the historical, cultural and legal values of the Hong Duc Code. From there, discovering important values to inherit and promote those values and experiences in the construction and enforcement of laws on protecting human rights in general and protecting the rights of disadvantaged social groups in particular. Contributing to perfecting the legal system and successfully building a socialist rule of law state in Vietnam.
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