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from the people. The villages in Hau Giang have circulated the song: "Sitting sadly, remembering our old lord, Long Xuyen, when will my old friend be able to forget" which is said to refer to the fact that "Tan Chinh Vuong and Thai Thuong Vuong were killed by the Tay Son army in Long Xuyen" [171,287]. Perhaps there were no conditions for the people here to understand the righteous spirit of the Tay Son army, while they had sincere feelings for their lord in difficult times. Because for the Southern people, the migrants who established the villages from hardships and dangers, they were willing to take care of others, especially those who were in danger, if they sympathized, they would always wholeheartedly help. The war between the Nguyen Dynasty and Tay Son, for the people, if the boundary between justice and injustice could not be clearly distinguished, then helping the "king" in times of danger was a righteous act that should be done. This is one aspect of the chivalrous character of the Southern people in particular.
In the stories, the image of people helping is clearly marked, they can be landlords or beggars. If historical commentators have considered Nguyen Anh's survival in the war a " strange luck of fate " , then that luck is partly due to the " strange " things that happened. For example, the timely and effective help of the beggar village is not a coincidence of behavior but an attitude of support for the lord in trouble (Regarding the name Tan Loc Phuong) .
The people's sentimental attitude has a practical basis from the socio-political situation. There is an opinion: "If Nguyen Anh had not become the first king of the Nguyen Dynasty, the event of his stay in Phu Quoc would have been rarely mentioned. But because later, Nguyen Anh became King Gia Long and the Nguyen Dynasty gave Phu Quoc preferential policies, Nguyen Anh's mark was quite strong on the island and there were legends about this "true son of heaven"" [84,124]. Or when talking about the extremely respectful attitude of the people of Kien Giang towards the hero Nguyen Trung Truc, researcher Son Nam also related to Nguyen Anh: "Because Rach Gia is a new land that has not produced any famous civil or military mandarins during the "old" period . There is also another psychological reason, also according to Son Nam: "King Gia Long was the first king and the last king to set foot in the U Minh forest. His wandering stories made people feel that Rach Gia land was attached to "the country's mountains and rivers..." [122,94].
Thus, the mentality of respecting the king is a familiar way of thinking of the people here. Moreover, this is the first king of the South. When the migrants went through many hardships to establish villages but they were only self-governing organizations, it was not until the order of Lord Nguyen to establish the government, divide the population and land, that the people truly "had a country", a joy and respect. At the same time, with the character of respecting righteousness, the people of the South considered this "an inch of land, a blade of vegetable thanks to the Lord" and felt responsible.
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The responsibility to compensate. The book Nam Ky phong tuc nhan vat dien ca has correctly stated this spiritual attitude: “During the reign of Emperor Cao Hoang De Gia Long, many times he had to stay and wander. The green history books still clearly record, Seeing every blade of grass and inch of land makes me feel even more deeply” … [153,90] .
Or as Son Nam said about a reality: "The naval battle in which Nguyen Hue defeated tens of thousands of Siamese soldiers on the Nguyen Lord's side in Tien Giang seems to be not much praised by the people of the South, even though it was a national feat. Is it because the people of the South "ate the Lord's rice" so they wanted to remain loyal?" [127,338].
Referring to the folk tales of the Central region, the people's help was also due to their respect for the king: the two villages of Duong Thinh and Vinh Quang were deeply indebted to the previous lord, and had little sympathy for the Tay Son army; or the local chief had a favor from the Nguyen lord, so he hid and helped (Chau Phe singing custom in the two villages of Duong Thien and Vinh Quang) .
On the other hand, the work of establishing territory and pacifying the people in the new land of the Nguyen lords of Dang Trong was soon effective, creating a foundation for a lasting relationship between the people and the country (thanks to the person who carried out the inspection, the people remembered Nguyen Huu Canh with his great merits and reputation throughout the region). This was also what Tay Son lacked. The mark of the Tay Son dynasty in this land was mainly just the attacks and pursuits, with the hardships and sufferings that the people had to endure. Therefore, in the historical confrontation between the Nguyen and Tay Son dynasties, the awareness of the "true mandate of heaven" was determined according to the common educational framework, and most of the people soon gave it to the Nguyen lords. Especially the landlord class and rich farmers, with their own interests, they wholeheartedly supported this force. Therefore, the Nguyen lords' escape from Tay Son was helped and supported by the people.
From the roots grew many branches and leaves, stories about Nguyen Anh spread among the people, becoming more and more dense during the time of the conflict and afterwards.
4.3.2. Cultural significance
Up to now, standing on the perspective of innovation, evaluating the greatest achievements and contributions of the Nguyen Dynasty, historical researchers have stated: "The Nguyen Dynasty left behind the greatest legacy of a country spreading over a unified territory from north to south" , " On that territory is a massive cultural heritage" [102,11].
Considering the overall phenomenon of the story, in terms of cultural value, this is also a part of the intangible culture that has been built and created in the Southern folk cultural heritage.
The group of legends recorded Nguyen Anh's journey to escape Tay Son, with thrilling acts in a vast space from Gia Dinh to the southernmost places of the country. This shows that Nguyen Anh's footprints were imprinted almost everywhere.
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throughout the South or the perception of the people of the South towards Nguyen Anh. The stories were partly recorded in the history books of the Nguyen Dynasty and were passed down, in which a part had a close connection with cultural evidence including place names, relics of worship, beliefs, folk festivals... in many localities of the South, forming a cultural space of the group of stories. As for place names, there are Ha Tien, Phu Quoc with Hang Pagoda, Mui Cong Chua Ngoc Du ...; Soc Trang with Song My Thanh , Bai Xau... ; Bac Lieu, Ca Mau with Ap Gia Ngu, Canh Den ...; An Giang with Nui Cam, Bung Binh Thien... ; Sa Dec, Vinh Long with Long Hung and Long Ho River, Ba Vien Canal ; as for Gieng Ngu , there are many places (Vung Tau, Tra Vinh, Kien Giang, Soc Trang, Ca Mau...); as for relics, beliefs, festivals, there is Dinh Tuong, Kien Giang with Sac Tu Long Nguyen Pagoda, Sac Tu Tam Bao Tu ...; or Go Cong, Ben Tre, Tra Vinh with Lang Ong, Lang Ong Nam Hai, My Long sea worship festival ...
However, the connection is mainly fictional and embroidered, because many places and events do not imply authenticity. As for the vestiges related to Nguyen Anh in Ha Tien and Phu Quoc, there has been an opinion : "Phu Quoc is one of the places where Gia Long took refuge during his exile due to the pursuit of Tay Son. That is why in Phu Quoc - like Ha Tien, there are a number of relics associated with Nguyen Anh" [208,377]. Or regarding the vestiges of worship in Con Dao, which are said to be related to the character of Mrs. Phi Yen (Hon Ba) , researcher Dinh Van Hanh gave an explanation: "The 113-year history of the colonial prison has covered up the rare folk culture on the island to write other stories", accordingly, "The story of Mrs. Phi Yen is a historical legend, but too far from historical truth..." [53]. Or both are Lang Ong Nam Hai but different from Go Cong, Ben Tre, Lang (or Dinh) Ong Nam Hai in Ba Ria - Vung Tau and Phu Quoc is associated with a purely legendary story about whale... This shows the tendency to bring events about characters rather than explaining the real origin.
4.3.3. On the issue of "Gia Long Phuc Quoc" (restoring the country)
The legend of the character Nguyen Anh in the Southern region exists in different textual forms with long-term impacts and influences. Its echoes not only show the attitude and evaluation of the people about a specific historical event but also become the mark of the event that affects the ideology and perception as a political consciousness. In the later period, when conditions were available, it reappeared as a part of history, in order to reveal the ideology and feelings of the contemporary people towards "the country's mountains and rivers". This was shown with the part of the national language literature of the Southern region in the early stages of the modernization process with the historical novel segment. As Cao Tu Thanh commented: "This political consciousness (viewing the Nguyen family as the legitimate dynasty - we note) will
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recreated through historical novels such as Gia Long's escape and Gia Long's restoration, with anti-French connotations appearing in literature written in Latin script in the South in the early 20th century" [194,145].
In terms of genre, historical novels use historical events as the setting, the characters are real people in history or are fictionalized but must be consistent with historical facts, in addition, they can be fictionalized in emotional and psychological details (like Viet Nam anh kiet by Pham Minh Kien, published in 1926). Its nature is different from non-history, only taking historical space and time based on official history or in current historical and social conditions, the specific events and characters are mainly fictional (like Phan Yen Ngoai Su by Truong Duy Toan, published in 1910).
The purpose of writing historical novels in general at that time was to make "our national history more and more popular" . Tan Dan Tu, the pioneer historical novelist of Vietnamese literature, when promoting the role of novels, directly stated his point of view: "So if you want to popularize the history of our country, there is nothing better than using novels as matchmakers to lead the nation onto the path of history, that is a very heroic method, and a very effective method" ; also according to the author, "historical novels are most needed for our nation at this time more than anything else" [9.76]. Or like Truong Duy Toan's previous attitude about "old stories " (of Chinese stories): "Why should we bring all of them back to the South and interpret them as our own" [9.76].
Accordingly, Prince Canh Nhu Tay talked about the restoration of the career, as well as the event of Gia Long's national restoration, which is considered to have a deeper meaning than the restoration of the Nguyen dynasty's ancestral career, and is related to the current situation (with the characters Quang Trung and Gia Long, both of whom the author calls "great heroes" of Vietnam). The character of the National Mother has a voice in the official historical records (exclamations, praise for the holy king), possibly the statements of historians, and here the writer continues to include her as a literary character. In Gia Long Phuc Quoc , the character's opinion about the harm of asking for help from France is actually the novelist's statement, expressing awareness of past historical events as well as an attitude towards the contemporary colonial rulers (as in the case of Phan Yen Ngoai Su , researchers have mentioned the innuendo of "fighting Tay Son", or Tam Yen Di Han (published in 1929) by Nguyen Van Vinh, with names that imitate, referring to "the French colonialists' usurpation of the country").
Thus, the group of folk tales about Nguyen Anh in the Southern region in the movement
The term development has been expanded in meaning, in relation to the creative field of
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Early 20th century written literature in the development process of Southern culture and history.
Chapter 4 Summary
Through the presentation, we summarize the content implemented in chapter 4 as follows:
1. The thesis surveys, describes, analyzes, and evaluates the system of stories, starting from the basic step of generalizing the appearance of the genre, the structure of the documentary text... We pay attention to identifying the elements of mutual penetration and transformation in the genre system of legends and anecdotes expressed in the group of stories.
2. The thesis aims to determine the specific appearance of the story system, through focusing on describing and analyzing the structural characteristics and expressive formulas, and at the same time, generalizing the content value. With the scale of the story system, placed in comparison and contrast with the same or similar story groups in other regions, the thesis aims to explore the unique characteristics of the legend system about the character Nguyen Anh in the Southern region.
3. The thesis also discusses the existence of the group of stories expressed in the literary texts of the later period. This is the manifestation of the interaction between folk literature and written literature, which is considered a general rule of all literature.
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CHAPTER 5
ANONYMS ABOUT CELEBRITIES AND SOUTHERN ARTISTS FROM THE LATE 19TH CENTURY AND BEFORE
5.1. OVERVIEW OF THE STORY SYSTEM
According to Dao Duy Anh, “Celebrities” are people with a reputation ( good reputation, good reputation, talented ) known by many people (celebrity homme) [6,196]. Based on the criteria of personal achievements and community attitudes, the book Preserving and promoting the values of traditional cultural celebrities also gives the definition: “Celebrities are people with outstanding achievements in practical social activities, recognized by the entire community and given solemn forms of honor to commemorate their achievements and set an example for future generations ” [44,32].
In general, celebrities are people who have made a name for themselves with achievements and contributions in specialized fields, mainly in the fields of culture and science... with the role of initiating or continuing the development of culture and science... Celebrities are active historical figures who have made great contributions to the historical process, have long-term influence, and have contributed to their homeland, nation, and humanity.
Related to the concept of “famous people” is the concept of “famous scholars”. “Famous scholars” refers to scholars, intellectuals, and those with achievements in the fields of literature and academia. Throughout history, famous scholars have been a part of the quintessence of the race, creating the culture of the nation.
The South is the birthplace of many famous people, famous scholars, those who contributed to the political, cultural and economic development of the "Dang Trong" land from its formation in the 17th century until the French colonialists imposed their domination. Many figures were honored as virtuous nobles, great sages, great scholars, scholars..., and were respectfully listed by scholars and researchers as "Celebrities of the South", "Celebrities of the South", "Cultural celebrities of the South"... These are "Confucian scholars and intellectuals who have made great contributions and contributions, such as bringing the light of culture and education, creating literary works, economic, historical, geographical, social research works... or using their pens to fight directly against the colonialists and their henchmen..." [8,3]. Revolving around these famous figures, there have been many stories told and passed down.
Anecdotes about famous people and scholars of the South from the late 19th century and earlier are a group of stories about the lives and deeds of historical figures who are famous generals, scholars, intellectuals... The South is famous for their contributions in certain fields to create spiritual and cultural values for social life, concentrated in the second half of the 19th century.
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The stories are all short, telling about a single meaningful event in a situation or a certain time, stage in the character's life. The dialogue element appears quite commonly (26/40 stories). The characters are specific people, have a certain historical role, the story about them attracts the attention of the public. In which, the events related to the character's conduct have been discovered, recorded from reality or just fabricated, originating from the psychology of admiration. With the characters of famous people, famous scholars of the South, this is the type of character of the Intellectual of the anecdote.
The story system includes three sub-genres: historical anecdotes (Truong Dinh meets Mr. Do Chieu, Meetings between Pongsong and Mr. Do Chieu...) , literary anecdotes (Xom Ba Do, Phan Van Tri's talent for responding ... ) and folklore anecdotes (About the place name Binh Thuy - Long Tuyen, Kep Hua Van singing...) . There are interrelated and interwoven relationships between the sub-genres.
In fact, considering the characteristics of the character type, historical anecdotes do not only include anecdotes about historical celebrities (about military), cultural celebrities also have this type of anecdotes (when cultural figures participate in political affairs, such as meeting with uprising leaders or having dialogues with colonial authorities, etc.). For example, the story of Truong Dinh meeting Cu Do Chieu mentions the relationship between patriotic scholars and uprising leaders in the context of that time. On the other hand, literary anecdotes can also contain historical content, not simply stories within the circle or belonging to the "literary village" territory. Because in the case where the character himself is a literary creator but also a patriotic scholar and poetry contains patriotic content, becoming a means and sharp weapon of intellectuals fighting against the enemy, the story about the character has crossed the "boundary" of historical anecdotes. The reality of the struggle against invaders and their henchmen is the basis for the formation and development of the genre of historical anecdotes related to the cultural field. Like the story Tha an nuon cao with its poetic dialogue or Phan Van Tri's improvised poetry, An mam sinh khong la Tay ... with the element of interspersing verses, all express the thoughts and aspirations of famous characters towards the issue of national destiny.
This is the intersection, where it is difficult to clearly distinguish between historical anecdotes and literary anecdotes. Literary anecdotes in the new context have changed, contain new spirits, convey historical content, so they are also a type of historical anecdotes. This phenomenon narrows the gap between literary anecdotes and historical anecdotes, and at the same time creates a closer relationship in theme and content with the genre of historical legends.
We have collected 40 story units and 3 variants, revolving around 14 historical figures.
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Of which, there is 1 story recorded from historical documents (The origin of the place name Ha Tien) , the rest are mainly taken from collected and compiled documents.
5.2. STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS
5.2.1. Plot model
The anecdotes group has a traditional plot model with a three-part scheme: introduction, development and conclusion, associated with the following event processes:
The first process (1): tells about the character's background, time, location, and situation of the event; or can go directly into the event. The second process (2): tells the progress of the event, the individual aspects, and makes an impression on the character. With the type of patriotic intellectual character, the most common is to organize the event of the character's intellectual battle with the opponent. If it is specifically related to poetry, it will lead to a poem, a couplet, an explanation, a saying... as the opening point for the story, showing the character's intelligence and how the character won... The third process (3): concludes the event about the character or the results demonstrating the character's qualities, awareness, feelings... drawn from the event.
The above plot model is shown in Table 5.1.
Introducing characters and situations (1)
Event progression ( special aspects, impressions…) (2)
Event results (results achieved regarding the character or related traces) (3)
In general about art, we establish the character type of the anecdotal system associated with the theme - plot as follows:
Table 5.2. Statistics, classification of character types, themes - plots
Story system
Character type | Theme - plot | Number of stories, variants (db) | |
Anecdotes about famous people and scholars of the South from the late 19th century and before | Famous Officials (KNV.4.1) | Outstanding people, special personalities (DT-CT.4.1) | 15 1db |
Local literature (KNV.4.2) | People of local literary tradition (DT-CT.4.2) | 10 1db | |
Famous people in the history of the land (KNV.4.3) | Inspiration for naming places (DT-CT.4.3) | 3 | |
Patriotic intellectuals (KNV.4.4) | Resistance to colonialism and its henchmen (DT-CT.4.4) | 12 |
Maybe you are interested!
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Identify Rating Levels and Rating Scales
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of the islanders. Therefore, this indicator will be divided into two sub-indicators:
a1. Natural tourism attractiveness a2. Cultural tourism attractiveness
b. Tourist capacity
The two island communes in Quan Lan have different capacities to receive tourists. Minh Chau Commune is home to many standard hotels and resorts, attracting high-income domestic and international tourists. Meanwhile, Quan Lan Commune has many motels mainly built and operated by local people, so the scale and quality are not high, and will be suitable for ordinary tourists such as students.
c. Time of exploitation of Quan Lan Island Commune:
Quan Lan tourism is seasonal due to weather and climate conditions and festivals only take place on certain days of the year, specifically in spring. In Quan Lan commune, the period from April to June and from September to November is considered the best time to visit Quan Lan because the cultural tourism activities are mainly associated with festivals taking place during this time.
Minh Chau island commune:
Tourism exploitation time is all year round, because this is a place with a number of tourist attractions with diverse ecosystems such as Bai Tu Long National Park Research Center, Tram forest, Turtle Laying Beach, so besides coming to the beach for tourism and vacation in the summer, Minh Chau will attract research groups to come for tourism combined with research at other times of the year.
d. Sustainability
The sustainability of ecotourism sites in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes depends on the sensitivity of the ecosystems to climate changes.
landscape. In general, these tourist destinations have a fairly high level of sustainability, because they are natural ecosystems, planned and protected. However, if a large number of tourists gather at certain times, it can exceed the carrying capacity and affect the sustainability of the environment (polluted beaches, damaged trees, animals moving away from their habitats, etc.), then the sustainability of the above ecosystems (natural ecosystems, human ecosystems) will also be affected and become less sustainable.
e. Location and accessibility
Both island communes have ports to take tourists to visit from Van Don wharf:
- Quan Lan – Van Don traffic route:
Phuc Thinh – Viet Anh high-speed boat and Quang Minh high-speed boat, depart at 8am and 2pm from Van Don to Quan Lan, and at 7am and 1pm from Quan Lan to Van Don. There are also wooden boats departing at 7am and 1pm.
- Van Don - Minh Chau traffic route:
Chung Huong high-speed train, Minh Chau train, morning 7:30 and afternoon 13:30 from Van Don to Minh Chau, morning 6:30 and afternoon 13:00 from Minh Chau to Van Don.
f. Infrastructure
Despite receiving investment attention, the issue of infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism on Quan Lan Island is still an issue that needs to be resolved because it has a direct impact on the implementation of ecotourism activities. The minimum conditions for serving tourists such as accommodation, electricity, water, communication, especially medical services, and security work need to be given top priority. Ecotourism spots in Minh Chau commune are assessed to have better infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism because there are quite complete and synchronous conditions for serving tourists, meeting many needs of domestic and foreign tourists.
3.2.1.4. Determine assessment levels and assessment scales
Corresponding to the levels of each criterion, the index is the score of those levels in the order of 4, 3, 2, 1 decreasing according to the standard of each level: very attractive (4), attractive (3), average (2), less attractive (1).
3.2.1.5. Determining the coefficients of the criteria
For the assessment of DLST in the two communes of Quan Lan and Minh Chau islands, the students added evaluation coefficients to show the importance of the criteria and indicators as follows:
Coefficient 3 with criteria: Attractiveness, Exploitation time. These are the 2 most important criteria for attracting tourists to tourism in general and eco-tourism in particular, so they have the highest coefficient.
Coefficient 2 with criteria: Capacity, Infrastructure, Location and accessibility . Because the assessment area is an island commune of Van Don district, the above criteria are selected by the author with appropriate coefficients at the average level.
Coefficient 1 with criteria: Sustainability. Quan Lan has natural and human-made ecotourism sites, with high biodiversity and little impact from local human factors. Most of the ecotourism sites are still wild, so they are highly sustainable.
3.2.1.6. Results of DLST assessment on Quan Lan island
a. Assessment of the potential for natural tourism development
For Minh Chau commune:
+ Natural tourism attractiveness is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined as average (2 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of Capacity criterion is 2 x 2 = 4.
+ Exploitation time is long (4 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Exploitation time criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is assessed as good (3 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 3 x 2 = 6 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Minh Chau commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 4 + 12 + 4 + 4 + 6 = 42 points
Similar assessment for Quan Lan commune, we have the following table:
Table 3.3: Assessment of the potential for natural ecotourism development in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of self-tourismof course
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
CommuneMinh Chau
12
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
42/52
Quan CommuneLan
6
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
33/52
b. Assessment of the potential for humanistic tourism development
For Quan Lan commune:
+ The attractiveness of human tourism is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined to be large (3 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Capacity criterion is 3 x 2 = 6.
+ Mining time is average (3 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Mining time criterion is 3 x 3 = 9.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points.
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is rated as average (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Quan Lan commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 6 + 6 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 36 points.
Similar assessment with Minh Chau commune we have the following table:
Table 3.4: Assessment of the potential for developing humanistic eco-tourism in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of human tourismliterature
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Quan CommuneLan
12
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
39/52
Minh CommuneChau
6
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
36/52
Basically, both Minh Chau and Quan Lan localities have quite favorable conditions for developing ecotourism. However, Quan Lan commune has more advantages to develop ecotourism in a humanistic direction, because this is an area with many famous historical relics such as Quan Lan Communal House, Quan Lan Pagoda, Temple worshiping the hero Tran Khanh Du, ... along with local festivals held annually such as the wind praying ceremony (March 15), Quan Lan festival (June 10-19); due to its location near the port and long exploitation time, the beaches in Quan Lan commune (especially Quan Lan beach) are no longer hygienic and clean to ensure the needs of tourists coming to relax and swim; this is also an area with many beautiful landscapes such as Got Beo wind pass, Ong Phong head, Voi Voi cave, but the ability to access these places is still very limited (dirt hill road, lots of gravel and rocks), especially during rainy and windy times; In addition, other natural resources such as mangrove forests and sea worms have not been really exploited for tourism purposes and ecotourism development. On the contrary, Minh Chau commune has more advantages in developing ecotourism in the direction of natural tourism, this is an area with diverse ecosystems such as at Rua De Beach, Bai Tu Long National Park Conservation Center...; Minh Chau beach is highly appreciated for its natural beauty and cleanliness, ranked in the top ten most beautiful beaches in Vietnam; Minh Chau commune is also home to Tram forest with a large area and a purity of up to 90%, suitable for building bridges through the forest (a very effective type of natural ecotourism currently applied by many countries) for tourists to sightsee, as well as for the purpose of studying and researching.
Figure 3.1: Thenmala Forest Bridge (India) Source: https://www.thenmalaecotourism.com/(August 21, 2019)
3.2.2. Using SWOT matrix to evaluate Quan Lan island tourism
General assessment of current tourism activities of Quan Lan island is shown through the following SWOT matrix:
Table 3.5: SWOT matrix evaluating tourism activities on Quan Lan island
Internal agent
Strengths- There is a lot of potential for tourism development, especially natural ecotourism and humanistic ecotourism.- The unskilled labor force is relatively abundant.- resource environmentunpolluted, still
Weaknesses- Poorly developed infrastructure, especially traffic routes to tourist destinations on the island.- The team of professional staff is still weak.- Tourism products in general
quite wild, originalintact
general and DLST in particularalone is monotonous.
External agents
Opportunity- Tourism is a key industry in the socio-economic development strategy of the province and Van Don economic zone.- Quan Lan was selected as a pilot area for eco-tourism development within the framework of the green growth project between Quang Ninh province and the Japanese organization JICA.- The flow of tourists and especially ecotourism in the world tends toincreasing
Challenge- Weather and climate change abnormally.- Competition in tourism products is increasingly fierce, especially with other localities in the province such as Ha Long, Mong Cai...- Awareness of tourists, especially domestic tourists, about ecotourism and nature conservation is not high.
Through summary analysis using SWOT matrix we see that:
To exploit strengths and take advantage of opportunities, it is necessary to:
- Diversify products and service types (build more tourism routes aimed at specific needs of tourists: experiential tourism immersed in nature, spiritual cultural tourism...)
- Effective exploitation of resources and differentiated products (natural resources and human resources)
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Improving the quality of financial appraisal of investment projects in medium and long-term lending at the Military Commercial Joint Stock Bank, Hoang Quoc Viet branch - 14 -
Improving the quality of financial appraisal of investment projects in medium and long-term lending at the Military Commercial Joint Stock Bank, Hoang Quoc Viet Branch - 2 -
Changes in labor structure and employment of people in agricultural land recovery areas: Research in Ngoc My commune, Quoc Oai district, Hanoi and Thien Ke commune, Binh Xuyen district, Vinh Phuc - 25 -
15th-18th century architectural materials in the Kinh Thien Hoang Palace area of Thang Long citadel through excavation documents in 2017-2019 - 16
