but also to innovate the Party's leadership method... so that the Party can truly be a strategic, comprehensive leadership force without falling into the excuse of replacing the State, must make the State stronger, manage effectively and efficiently, and at the same time make the "Fatherland Front... perform well the role of social supervision and criticism. The appropriate leadership method of the Party in the current situation, in our opinion, is:
First of all, the development of guidelines, policies and strategies must be based on reality, synthesizing the opinions and practical experiences of cadres, party members and the people. Once a resolution is issued, it must be propagated, explained and convinced to the people so that the Party's ideas become the people's ideas. During the implementation process, the Party must monitor whether the proposed policies are correct and what adjustments are needed before widely applying them. No matter how talented a leader or leadership team is, they cannot think for or think better than all party members and the people.
Second , we must know how to concretize and creatively apply the Party's Resolution to each level and each field. The Party leads the State first and foremost through its Platform, strategies, and orientations on major policies and guidelines. Party organizations at each level, each sector, and each agency must firmly grasp the Party's general guidelines and viewpoints, and based on the characteristics of each locality, each sector, and each agency, propose appropriate policies, plans, and measures. Before widely implementing an important policy, it is necessary to conduct a pilot project to gain experience.
Third, at present, our political system has the Party, the State and the Vietnam Fatherland Front from the central to the grassroots level; corporations and public service agencies also have vertical organizational systems. Therefore, it is necessary to create close and smooth coordination between organizations, between sectors and localities, that is, to combine vertical leadership with horizontal leadership correctly.
Fourth, while exercising comprehensive and regular leadership, the Party must know how to select and focus on leading important tasks.
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Fifth , we must promote the role of cadres and party members in state agencies and people's organizations. In the condition that the Communist Party is the only ruling party, party organizations and committees must both educate, manage and promote the role of this force in implementing the Party's leadership.
Sixth , regular inspections and proper inspections must be carried out. The best way is to conduct regular inspections and combine “top-down” and “bottom-up” inspections, especially “the inspector must be a reputable person”.
In terms of the effectiveness of political leadership in the years of renovation, the Party's theoretical thinking has created new steps forward in leadership methods and innovation in the Party's leadership methods for the grassroots political system . Our Party advocates turning to the grassroots, paying attention to consolidating the social foundation of politics, and promoting initiatives from the grassroots. Emphasizing the role of the grassroots is essentially emphasizing the role of the people, the great and decisive role of the people in building a new regime, building a democratic regime, and exercising people's power.
Promoting democracy, continuing to build and perfect the socialist rule of law state of the people, by the people, for the people is one of the seven basic orientations to continue to promote the renovation and construction of socialism in Vietnam in the current period. Improve the people's mastery in all fields, from economics, politics and ideology to other fields. At the same time, it is necessary to innovate the mechanism for people to promote their mastery. Currently, the implementation of this requirement is still weak. Many people bravely fight against undemocratic manifestations but are not protected, and are even repressed and trampled. This situation has dampened the fighting spirit of a number of cadres, party members and people.
The reform of the political system to create conditions for promoting democracy in our country must be placed under the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam. Maintaining the leadership of the Communist Party in the socialist political system is a prerequisite for the people to exercise their power.
3.1.2. Ensuring women's right to political participation must be placed within the overall assurance, respect and protection of human rights and civil rights in Vietnam.
Women's right to participate in politics must be placed in the overall assurance, respect and protection of human rights and civil rights in Vietnam, meaning that women's right to participate in politics in Vietnam is expressed and protected by law as civil rights. Women are also citizens and women have the political rights of a citizen, to participate in all activities in the political life and community life of the country. At the same time, legal documents on women's right to participate in politics must also be appropriate and feasible, adjusting the
Social systems arise and are also respected like other laws with the supremacy of law.
3.1.3. Ensuring women's right to participate in politics must ensure equality and promote women's role and capabilities in the period of industrialization and modernization of the country.
The issue of enhancing the role, position and promoting the role and capacity of women is both a positive consequence and a premise for development. Therefore, liberating women, enhancing the position and role of women in society in general and in participating in politics will contribute positively to the cause of promoting industrialization and modernization of the country. In recent years, Vietnamese women in general and women in Bac Giang province in particular have achieved many significant results, equal to men in many aspects. However, the contribution of women is not commensurate with their position and capacity in the market economy, in political and social relations as well as in the family. Therefore, enhancing the role and position of women plays an important role, contributing to promoting the progress of women. To ensure equality, promote the position, role and ability of women in political and social life, it is necessary to enhance women's participation capacity and have the support of the Party, the State, socio-political organizations, and families in accessing and using resources and powers in education, training, planning, and appointment. At the same time, it is necessary to link the training, planning, and fostering of female cadres with the process of planning and using cadres. If the right cadres are used in the right positions according to their abilities, it will encourage cadres to work well and at the same time create a competitive mentality for other cadres who do not have the right standards and conditions.
To ensure women's right to participate in politics to liberate women, enhance the position, role and ability of women in the political system, it is necessary to constantly improve the capacity to participate in management agencies and social organizations of women. However, the rate of women participating fully like men depends on economic conditions, institutions, and policies of the Party and State. At the same time, it is necessary to create conditions for women to have qualifications and professional capacity. In the conditions of international integration and globalization, it is required that women have certain standards equal to men, especially managers must have the same educational level as men, enhance the full development of the inherent capacity of potential women associated with their promotion and appointment. Moreover, it is necessary to eliminate prejudices of
both genders, eliminating the complexes and inferiority complex that exist in female politicians, helping them confidently rise up, while also eliminating the prejudiced and distorted perception of the whole society about the position and role of women participating in politics.
3.1.4. Ensuring women's right to political participation must ensure the completion of the legal system on women's right to political participation and must be placed in relation to the completion of the general legal system.
Perfecting the law to ensure women's right to participate in politics must be placed in relation to perfecting the general legal system. To perfect the legal system for each specific field, it is necessary to pay attention to the systematic nature and the relationship between the legal parts in the general law. The law to ensure women's right to participate in politics has its own characteristics, including regulations regulating relationships related to the fields of elections, candidacy, participation in state and social management to promote the role and position of women in society, so perfecting these legal parts must be placed in relation to perfecting the general law. That is, perfecting the legal part on women's right to participate in politics must be placed in relation to perfecting the general law on political rights based on women's specific characteristics such as gender and their natural position. This requires that the improvement of the law on women's right to participate in politics must first review all documents related to politics, focusing on the norms expressed in the Law on Election of National Assembly Deputies, the Law on Election of People's Council Deputies, the Law on Organization of the Government and documents detailing and guiding the implementation of these laws. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the relationship between the content of the provisions of the law and the legal mechanism to ensure that the content is expressed in reality. The content of the law on women's right to participate in politics must be fully institutionalized in the Party's guidelines and policies on promoting the role of women in society, fully expressing women's rights to participate in politics.
Perfecting the law on women's right to political participation must be associated with perfecting the mechanism for making and implementing the law. Making and implementing the law are two closely related processes. Making good laws means ensuring a unified, synchronous, comprehensive, and practical legal system. This will create good law enforcement and through law enforcement, there will be a practical basis for continuing to perfect the legal system.
Ensuring women's right to participate in politics must be associated with perfecting the monitoring mechanism and solutions to implement the law on women's right to participate in politics to ensure that the law is strictly implemented, with the right people, the right crimes, and the right law.
Ensuring women's right to political participation requires laws on women's political rights in accordance with international conventions related to women that the Vietnamese State has participated in, signed and ratified to ensure harmony of national interests, sovereignty and international obligations.
3.2. Solutions to strengthen the guarantee of women's political participation rights from the practice of Bac Giang province
3.2.1. Group of common solutions to strengthen the guarantee of women's political participation rights in Vietnam today
Renewing awareness, continuing to thoroughly grasp and institutionalize the Party's views on women's right to participate in politics
In order to evaluate, select and promote women to management positions in the public service, our Party and State have issued many sub-law documents to specify the Party's guidelines and policies on this issue. Specifically, Resolution 04-NQ/TW dated July 12, 1993 of the Politburo affirmed the Party's viewpoint on female cadre work: "Strive to increase the proportion of women in Party committees at all levels, state agencies, in the fields of economic, social, health, education, science and art management" . The above viewpoint has been specifically guided by the Party Central Committee Secretariat in documents and increased female Party committee members, Standing Committee members, increased female cadres in government at all levels and increased the proportion of female cadres in state-owned enterprises...
To effectively evaluate, select and promote women to management positions in the public service, our Party and State need to take the following specific measures:
Standardize management staff, innovate evaluation, selection and use of female staff.
Nowadays, in the integration process, women are increasingly participating in state power agencies. This is also one of the achievements of the work of building and re-planning the female cadre team. Therefore, the work of Party building and re-planning the female cadre team in the new context is an urgent requirement, playing an important role that requires constant innovation in assessment perspectives.
Select and use staff appropriately to the actual situation. However, the evaluation and promotion of staff is also placed in the staff planning work of each agency in accordance with the specific tasks of each field and each industry.
Firstly: To have a team of state management and social management cadres that meet the requirements and tasks of the new period, our State needs to determine scientific standards for cadres, taking into account gender characteristics. Setting standards for evaluating and selecting cadres is an important and necessary issue for each agency and unit. Determining the standards for female cadres accurately is the basis and premise for evaluating, selecting, training, fostering and promoting cadres correctly. Up to now, our State has only determined general cadre standards but not standards for each cadre title. It is impossible to set general standards for evaluating cadres but it is necessary to have separate, specific standards for each title and each specific professional field. Because each title, each professional field and sector has its own characteristics, requirements and tasks. The standards for economic and social managers are different from the standards for state leaders and managers. In addition to the common points of being managers, there are differences in management fields, professional qualifications...
In the new situation, if we want to have a high-quality management team, and effectively run the work, the evaluation, selection, and promotion of cadres must avoid the situation of giving priority, favoring, and promoting to meet the structure or for personal reasons. In reality, if the promotion of female cadres is only based on the structure, it is impossible to fully encourage the inherent abilities of women, they will rely on the structure and underestimate their ability to participate in leadership.
To become a manager, in addition to the promotion criteria, one must also have sufficient qualifications. For the promotion of female managers, the conditions should not be underestimated or academic qualifications should not be taken as absolute, and at the same time, the conditions or academic qualifications should not be equated with work capacity. Degrees and academic qualifications are conditions to create personal capacity, not fully reflecting capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to both conditions and standards.
Further increase the proportion of women in leadership:
The participation of women in leadership and management aims to ensure that women have a true representative of their gender, protecting their legitimate rights and interests. The responsibility of female cadres is great because most of the women who are elected to represent their gender means that they have trusted their representative. Therefore,
Increasing the proportion of women participating in leadership and management based on women's qualifications, capacity and aspirations is extremely necessary and in line with objective requirements. However, the proportion of increase in the number appropriate for each field and each industry is an issue that needs to be studied for the planning, training and appointment of female cadres in the new period.
Second , creating a source of female staff:
In the process of innovation, one of the reasons why women's participation in leadership and management is not high and does not meet the requirements of society is that the source of female cadres has not met the requirements. To meet the requirements of society for the force of cadres participating in leadership and management, it is necessary to pay attention to the issue of resource creation. When raising the issue of female cadres, Directive 37-CT/TW dated May 16, 1994 of the Party clearly stated: "It is necessary to develop a strategy for training, fostering and using female labor in general and female cadres in particular. In the immediate future, all levels and sectors from the central to the grassroots level must have a plan for female cadres...". One of the biggest obstacles to women's participation in leadership and management is knowledge and professional qualifications. Up to now, due to gender characteristics such as health and working time, women are often considered to be "weaker" than men in the labor market. Moreover, sometimes professional knowledge is inferior to men because there are few opportunities to study to improve their qualifications. Therefore, it leads to the situation that women can only do light, less complicated jobs with lower salaries. Obviously, it is difficult for women to find a solid position in society if they are not trained and studied at the right level of expertise according to the required job position. Therefore, to increase the quantity and quality of women participating in state and social management work, the key factor is to improve women's qualifications in all aspects. This is the solution and a necessary condition for women to fully develop their existing potential, eliminating the gap in perception between women and men. From there, women can be confident and society will trust them with important responsibilities. To support women, the state needs to have specific and detailed plans on education and training for women, especially rural women, ethnic minority women... to improve the intellectual level of women.
Third , Issue a number of social policies for women:
The State needs to issue a number of more social policies suitable for improving female human resources. This human resource needs to be balanced and suitable.
between women in the plains, mountainous areas, remote and isolated areas. To strengthen and maintain female human resources, the State needs to have the following specific measures:
Issue a number of social policies to prioritize rural women and ethnic minorities.
Currently, the rate of women participating in leadership and management is relatively low, especially among rural and ethnic minority women. The main reason is that material conditions are still poor, they have to work like men, and at the same time take on family work, so their thoughts and aspirations are less concerned about their position of power. Therefore, in addition to issuing legal documents specifically regulating women's rights in general, in my opinion, there should be separate policies for women in general and rural and ethnic minority women in particular. The purpose of social policies for women in general and rural and ethnic minority women in particular is to encourage women to participate in production labor, create conditions for women to improve their qualifications and capacity, create jobs to increase income for poor women in rural and mountainous areas, reduce the burden on their shoulders, and strengthen women's management and leadership.
Expanding social service offerings to support women's participation in management activities
To create conditions for women to participate more in social activities as well as management activities, the state needs to expand forms of social services such as minimizing housework for women in leadership positions because women's management effectiveness is greatly affected by family work. To free women from the busyness of family work, it is necessary to pay attention to issues such as: improving and investing in developing the system of nursery schools, kindergartens, and primary schools, creating conditions for women to focus on studying, and flexibly expanding many forms of after-hours childcare, full-week or full-month childcare to meet the needs of women when necessary (conferences, meetings, working away, working shifts, etc.) and helping women have more time and peace of mind at work.
Regularly review and systematize current legal documents related to women's political rights.
The process of reviewing and systematizing current legal documents in general on women's right to political participation in particular is extremely necessary and indispensable in the process of perfecting the law on women's right to political participation.