Increase incentives for businesses to participate in creating jobs for the poor through preferential policies such as tax exemptions or financial support for businesses to receive and train unskilled workers, poor workers, people who have completed their prison sentences or people returning from drug rehabilitation, etc.
Implementing social policies well not only contributes to promoting economic development but also contributes to social justice, creating conditions for members of society to overcome difficulties in life and integrate into the community. The government must do a good job of social welfare for disadvantaged groups in society (the disabled, the lonely, poor students, drug addicts and post-rehabilitation addicts...). In fact, the locality provides very little welfare for this group, the policy is very good but the implementation and application are only formal and still have many shortcomings.
Social solutions will bring about social justice, justice not only for the people, for social subjects but also justice in each scope, each field of state management, justice in personnel policies, talent treatment, recruitment and rotation... Especially the issue of community reintegration needs to be paid attention to and done well by local authorities in the coming time.
3.3.3. Cultural and educational measures
Education, training and finally culture are direct factors to form and develop the personality of a person comprehensively. Culture is expressed through behavior, lifestyle and in activities as well as in the results and products of human activities. Culture is the crystallization of material and spiritual values, values created by humans themselves in the process of social and historical practice.
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Cultural - educational and training measures aimed at enhancing and raising the intellectual and cultural level of people and their dedication to the common interests of people cannot but be associated with the cultural level and cultural traits of people.
Cultural - educational and training measures aim to perfect human personality, form new human beings, human beings with social, political and legal nature so that people can act firmly in life and limit negative manifestations in humans. At the same time, it makes people not deviate from the norm and raise legal awareness, preserve cultural traditions, and imbue national identity. Therefore, cultural - educational and training measures play a very important role in crime prevention strategies. To effectively implement cultural measures
- Education and training, Ho Chi Minh City authorities at all levels need to focus on:
Regarding culture: Continue to take measures to preserve and promote the traditional cultural values of the locality and the nation. Localities must enhance the role of cultural residential areas, innovate personnel, select cultural cadres who are enthusiastic, dedicated, ethical and have good personality. It is necessary to review, develop and adjust the criteria for building cultural residential areas to suit the customs and habits, and village conventions of each village, commune and hamlet. In addition, the government must have appropriate forms of encouragement to create a movement to build cultural residential areas, making people see the practicality and benefits of this model, not just doing it in a formal and formal way. Launch cultural, artistic, physical education and sports exchange activities between sectors, levels, residential areas, etc. through mass media such as books, newspapers, radio, television, etc. to preserve the traditional cultural values of the nation, homeland and village. From there, arouse the noble feelings and ethics of each member of society.
It is necessary to promote the role of social organizations in residential areas. Local authorities must be closely linked with residential areas and residential areas must be social counterpoints of local authorities. Only by doing so can we build a cultural locality that actively contributes to crime prevention in general and drug trafficking in particular.
In addition, local authorities need to invest in building, repairing and upgrading cultural centers, children's cultural houses, sports centers and public entertainment areas with diverse and attractive activities and entertainment to better meet the needs of local people and youth.
Regarding education and training: Through the analysis of the educational level of drug traffickers in Ho Chi Minh City in the past 5 years, it can be seen that the low educational level of criminals accounts for a fairly high proportion. Therefore, the educational level is also one of the causes of this drug trafficking. Therefore, educational measures must be considered one of the most important measures and given top priority in drug trafficking prevention. Education here does not stop at education on educational level but also education on lifestyle and education in developing human personality.
Promote the role of the family in developing the personality of family members. Because the family is truly the nucleus of society, the place to nurture good human personality, the place to connect family members. Therefore, to build a cultured person must also originate from a cultured family with good traditions.
Promote the role of associations: Veterans Association, Youth Union, Women's Union... to propagate, educate and support families with children addicted to drugs, after drug rehabilitation or after serving prison sentences to monitor, supervise and educate these subjects.
For schools and educational environments: It is necessary to create a healthy educational environment, focusing on moral education, personality education, life skills education, and work skills education for students and apprentices. In particular, schools must reduce the theoretical content and increase healthy recreational activities to encourage and stimulate the spirit.
The study of students aims to limit the situation of truancy and dropping out of school to gather with friends to inject drugs and hang out. It is necessary to absolutely eliminate discrimination and unfairness in schools, especially the problem of running for schools and classes as well as the current situation of rampant and useless extra teaching and learning. Build a team of teachers who are not only good at professional expertise but also have moral qualities, have heart, have vision, love, are devoted to students, reform and help bad and special students, educate them not to go down the path of crime. Only then will students have an attitude of respect and admiration for teachers, thereby respecting the rules of conduct of society. On the other hand, it is necessary to create a mechanism of close and regular coordination between schools and families in educating students to promptly detect bad manifestations, thereby promptly having appropriate solutions. Schools must regularly organize seminars and specialized activities on drugs to propagate the harmful effects of drugs and drug crimes so that students understand and respect the law.
The peer environment also has a very important impact on adolescents. There are drug addicts who have never been exposed to drugs at first, but because they hang out with a group of friends who inject drugs, then are persuaded by their friends, and out of curiosity want to try it, they become addicted and become criminals who illegally buy and sell drugs.
Localities need to have measures to ensure universal education to a certain level. This work requires effective and non-formal work: Actively mobilizing young people to study universally with reasonable support policies on books and study costs; having preferential treatment for teachers, especially in remote communes; building schools and ensuring facilities... It is necessary to build centers that combine teaching and vocational training for vulnerable groups (drug addicts and people who have completed their sentences). This educational measure requires active support from families and society and considers this as a concern.
3.3.4. Social management measures
It is necessary to strengthen the model of drug prevention and control at all levels from the city to the district, commune, to each residential group and hamlet in the area. Arrange specialized cadres with sufficient capacity to advise the People's Committees at all levels to coordinate and organize the implementation of drug prevention and control programs. Through these grassroots forces, local authorities can closely follow the aspirations of the masses in controlling and preventing drugs as well as promptly detect, handle and have directions for reforming and educating drug addicts in the locality.
It is necessary to build a model of agencies and units without drug crimes and drug addicts. Organize and mobilize the masses to participate in detecting and denouncing drug crimes and drug addicts; organize the signing of commitments by the People's Committee, Police, Fatherland Front, Youth Union, Women's Union, Veterans Association, Farmers' Association on building residential groups, hamlets, communes, wards, youth unions, schools, agencies... without drug crimes and drug addicts. In addition, it is necessary to introduce and replicate advanced models of communes, towns, agencies, and units without drug crimes and drug addicts.
3.3.5. Legal measures
The legal system has basically been completed and is suitable for the development requirements of society, but in some aspects it has not yet met the requirements of fighting and preventing crime in society due to the lack of stability and synchronization. For example: When the Law on Handling Administrative Violations (XLVPHC) took effect from January 1, 2014, it led to difficulties in implementing procedures to send drug addicts to compulsory drug rehabilitation. Nearly 10 months since the Law on Handling Administrative Violations took effect (January 1, 2014), in Ho Chi Minh City, no drug addicts have been sent to compulsory drug rehabilitation centers through the Court. District courts are confused and local authorities do not know how to handle sending drug addicts to compulsory drug rehabilitation because of a series of procedural barriers caused by the Court.
The law stipulates that, for nearly a year, the illegal drug trafficking in the country in general and in Ho Chi Minh City has become more complicated and increased significantly due to the above reasons. Up to now, the procedures for sending people to compulsory drug rehabilitation have stabilized.
In addition to perfecting the legal system, it is necessary to promote information, propaganda and dissemination of laws on the harmful effects of drugs and drug crimes to all classes of people to raise legal awareness among the masses.
Propaganda must be carried out regularly, continuously, and extensively among all classes of people in many rich, diverse, and focused forms, such as focusing on industrial zones, schools, and remote communes. In addition, it is necessary to increase the number of mobile trials for drug-related crimes in the area to effectively deter and educate criminals and the whole society. It is necessary to include drug law content in school curricula as a measure of propaganda and legal education.
3.3.6. Measures to handle crimes and offenders of illegal drug trafficking
3.3.6.1. Measures to improve efficiency in investigation, prosecution and trial
The relationship between the functions and tasks of state agencies has a direct impact on the issue of crime prevention in general and the issue of illegal drug trafficking in the area in particular. The crime of illegal drug trafficking arises from the management decisions and management attitudes of local authorities, which are very large. In particular, the human factor is related to the issue of training, preferential treatment, consideration of appointment and discipline of officials in administrative agencies and prosecution agencies.
Firstly , it is important to focus on political education and training of good investigators, prosecutors and judges in terms of professional expertise. In recent years, the professional expertise of the team has been improved.
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The number of cadres working in the legal sector is increasingly improving. However, localities have not paid much attention to training and educating political qualities, so there are some cases where cadres violate professional ethics and lose the trust of the people. Therefore, Party committees and local authorities need to promote education on political qualities and professional ethics of investigators, prosecutors and judges. The selection and appointment process needs to be focused on and strictly ensured, limiting negative behaviors such as buying and selling positions and power, especially the current process of appointing judges and prosecutors.
In addition, the state must have a satisfactory treatment regime for the forces directly involved in drug crime prevention, so that they can work with peace of mind and limit negativity and harassment. Because drug crime prevention is an extremely fierce and complicated battle that requires dynamism and a sense of responsibility from the direct police force, investigators, prosecutors and judges.
Second , is to strengthen the coordination of the prosecution agencies in the investigation, prosecution, trial and execution of sentences for crimes of illegal drug trafficking .
In fact, in recent years, the coordination between the prosecution agencies has not yet met the requirements of the fight against crime in general and drug trafficking in particular in Ho Chi Minh City. Therefore, it has reduced the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies. In response to the requirements of crime prevention, the task is to promptly overcome shortcomings in the organization, operation and coordination of the prosecution agencies in the coming time.
+ For the police agency: It is necessary to focus on the issue of population management, permanent and temporary residence registration of citizens in the area under their management, especially for the immigrant labor force from other provinces coming to Ho Chi Minh City to work and live. Improve the work of basic control and investigation, and good management of
targets and routes, key areas of drug crime. From there, develop plans and develop effective prevention and combat measures for illegal drug trafficking, promptly detect and prevent criminal acts. Regularly provide professional training for the police force investigating drug crimes. At the same time, it is necessary to enhance the role of the police force of communes, wards, neighborhoods, and hamlets in coordinating reconnaissance and basic investigation. In addition, the city police, district police, and county police must focus on reviewing subjects with criminal records for drug crimes, drug addicts to monitor, manage, and closely supervise these subjects. In addition, district and commune police must grasp the number and strictly manage young people who drop out of school, are unemployed, hang out and gather with friends with bad behaviors and are at risk of committing crimes, including illegal drug trafficking, in order to promptly prevent and stop criminal acts. Local police actively compile records and request competent authorities to send drug addicts to compulsory drug rehabilitation according to regulations.
+ For the People's Procuracy: Strengthen supervision of the handling of denunciations and reports of drug crimes, ensuring that reports of drug crimes are timely and in accordance with legal regulations. Enhance the responsibility of leaders in deciding to approve or disapprove decisions to prosecute, decisions to apply preventive measures and cancel preventive measures with grounds and in accordance with the law. The Procuracy must properly implement inter-sectoral regulations, strictly supervise arrest, temporary detention, and temporary detention, and minimize the return of files for further investigation at the request of the Court, especially in the matter of returning for investigation to determine the content of drugs. Strictly supervise the issuance of decisions on execution of sentences, postponement of execution of sentences, temporary suspension of execution of prison sentences... in accordance with the provisions of the Law on Execution of Judgments.
Prosecutors must increase their responsibility during the investigation phase of drug crimes, comply with legal regulations, and limit the situation of giving few statements and going to the scene less often. Must increase monitoring activities of reading and research.