Form 2.17: Ledger Form No. S03b-DNN Hai Nam Investment and Development Joint Stock Company (Issued under Decision 48/2006/QD-BT September 14, 2016 by Minister of Finance |
Thuy Nguyen, Hai Phong. |
Maybe you are interested!
-
Completing the accounting of goods at Hai Nam Investment and Development Joint Stock Company - 11 -
Accounting for Cost of Goods Sold at Xuan Truong Hai Transport and Trading Joint Stock Company. -
Organizing Detailed Accounting of Goods in the Enterprise -
Accounting for Cost of Goods Sold at Lac Viet Trading and Transport Services Joint Stock Company -
Cost of Goods Sold Accounting at Mai Huong Company Limited.
C
)
LEDGER
Account Name: Goods Number: 156
December 2016
(Unit: VND)
NTGS
Document | Interpretation | Number TKĐU | Amount | |||
SH | NT | In debt | Have | |||
A | B | C | D | H | 1 | 2 |
Opening balance | 3,526,452,300 | |||||
…………… | ||||||
10/12 | PN56 | 10/12 | Stock rubber gloves and goggles | 331 | 53,307,450 | |
11/12 | PX103 | 11/12 | Exporting plastic caps with screw caps to Minh Phat - Hanoi | 632 | 7,120,000 | |
………… | ||||||
12/20 | PN76 | 12/20 | Stocking plastic caps with knobs and caps with holes airy | 331 | 8,989,500 | |
…………. | ||||||
12/31 | PX134 | 12/31 | Export gloves for sale Rubber gloves for Thanh Tan - Hai Duong | 632 | 31,070,000 | |
Co-arising | 2,482,970,183 | 1,566,321,720 | ||||
Ending balance | 4,443,100,763 | |||||
December 31, 2016
(Signature, Full Name)
The chartistChief Accountant (Signature, Full Name) | Manager (Signature, Full Name) |
CHAPTER 3:
SOME SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE GOODS ACCOUNTING WORK AT HAI NAM INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT JOINT STOCK COMPANY
3.1. General comments on goods accounting at Hai Nam Investment and Development Joint Stock Company.
3.1.1. Development orientation of Hai Nam Investment and Development Company in the coming time.
During the process of formation and development, the company has experienced many difficulties and challenges, especially the transformation of the market mechanism. However, the company has overcome these difficulties and achieved certain successes as today:
– Effective business operations.
– Ensure the lives of officers and employees.
- Fulfill obligations to the state.
– Continuous investment in business expansion.
– Regularly increase recruitment of highly qualified employees to meet the needs of business expansion in the current situation.
3.1.2. Advantages and disadvantages of accounting in general and goods accounting in particular.
Advantage
Business management organization:
The company applies a centralized accounting model, so all documents and books are centralized in the accounting department and are subject to direct inspection by the chief accountant.
The company's management apparatus is relatively compact, departments are under the direct supervision of the company's leaders, and work is assigned in a specialized direction (appropriate to each person's professional qualifications).
Organization of accounting work:
Regarding the organization of the accounting apparatus: The accounting department has experienced employees who have worked for many years in the industry. Currently, with the increasing requirements in accounting work, the accounting department regularly focuses on updating and supplementing the latest regulations and circulars issued by the state, accordingly, there are also policies to train employees to be able to meet the needs of the job. Ensure to do correctly, fully, accurately the regulations and goals set out to bring benefits to the business.
Regarding the applied accounting regime: Accounting organization work is well implemented according to the accounting regime issued under Decision 48/2006/QD-BTC issued on September 14, 2006 by the Minister of Finance.
Account system: applying the Vietnamese accounting system issued under Decision 48/2006/QD-BTC issued on September 14, 2006 by the Minister of Finance. The company always updates changes in the accounting regime, especially standards and guiding circulars, and state regulations.
Document system: Documents used by the company for accounting are all in accordance with the forms issued by the Ministry of Finance: receipts, payment vouchers, warehouse delivery vouchers, warehouse receipt vouchers, etc. Information on economic transactions arising is recorded daily in a complete and accurate manner, facilitating the easy comparison and checking of actual data and data in accounting books. Documents are stored by type, arranged in order to facilitate searching, comparing and checking data.
Bookkeeping system: Every day, when economic transactions arise, they are immediately reflected in accounting documents by the relevant accounting department and entered into the books. The original documents used by the Company to account for arising sales transactions such as receipts, VAT invoices, and warehouse delivery notes are all completed completely and accurately on time, with the signatures of the relevant departments, in accordance with the prescribed financial regime. In addition, the documents recorded in the books also ensure that they fully reflect the contents recorded in the original documents. In addition, the processing procedures and circulation order
Documents are organized scientifically and reasonably by the accounting department, avoiding overlap, helping accounting to be quick and timely.
On purchasing and using inventory.
In the work of tracking the import-export-inventory of goods during the period, the accountant always updates and fully reflects the situation of fluctuations in the increase and decrease of goods on the company's accounting system. The Joint Stock Company has built a relatively complete process of importing and exporting goods: for example, for warehousing activities, based on the product consumption plan, inventory reserve plan, purchase request the business department makes a purchase request (after approval) create an order or contract for the purchase of goods Make a goods receipt and proceed to store the goods.
For warehouse operations: the sales department receives customer orders Sales accountant and warehouse keeper check the goods in the warehouse (sufficient, correct specifications) and at the same time make a warehouse delivery note and VAT invoice.
Export goods and transfer necessary documents to the buyer.
Regarding detailed accounting of goods:
The company accounts for goods in detail using the parallel card method, which is simple, easy to do, easy to check and compare. The company applies this method which is completely suitable for the characteristics and business lines of the company. In the detailed accounting of inventory at the company, there is always close coordination between the accounting department and the warehouse keeper. The warehouse keeper tracks goods, manages in detail the actual goods in the warehouse in terms of quantity, quality and specifications of goods. The accountant tracks goods through books and specifically the detailed goods book. Along with that, the company always focuses on the work of comparing the detailed accounting book with the warehouse card, comparing the data on the export-import-inventory summary table with the data on the general accounting book to ensure reasonableness and accuracy.
Regarding inventory accounting:
Inventory accounting is done using the perpetual inventory method so that at any time it is possible to calculate the quantity of goods imported and exported, increased or decreased.
goods. Thus, the company has the conditions to manage goods well and account strictly according to regulations, creating favorable conditions for accounting inspection.
About the method of calculating the price of goods exported from warehouse:
Hai Nam Investment and Development Joint Stock Company calculates the value of the warehouse according to the continuous average method to help accountants update the price as quickly as possible because each time importing products, materials, goods, accountants must determine the actual value of the inventory and the average unit price.
Disadvantages
Besides the achievements in accounting in general and goods accounting in particular, the company still has certain shortcomings that need to be further improved.
About the company not using accounting software
Using accounting software helps accountants automate many common manual operations. Accounting software has tools to build many types of object lists, object group lists, goods and materials lists, item/project lists, work lists, work group lists, tax type lists, currency lists... Once you have built them, you can reuse them without having to re-enter them many times.
Accounting software helps accounting work more accurate. Accounting software is a good lookup tool.
Accounting software helps managers make quick and accurate decisions and forecasts.
Accounting software helps businesses avoid fraud or theft of money and assets of the business.
Accounting software makes tax reporting easier.
Accounting software helps accounting work to be effective.
Last but not least, accounting software helps the management team to free up labor. Instead of being overwhelmed with solving problems due to unclear accounting and management information, the management team can spend more time analyzing, forecasting, and building.
strategy, management, production and business plans to find solutions to improve management, production and business efficiency, bringing more benefits and values to individuals, businesses and society.
About making a goods list book
The goods list book is a list of all types of goods that have been and are being traded, monitored by type, group, and specification of goods in a strict and logical manner. The system of goods lists can be identified in many different ways but must be simple, easy to remember, and not duplicated. Each type and group of goods is assigned a separate code arranged in an orderly manner, convenient for searching when necessary. Currently, the company does not have a scientific coding system for each type of goods. Not creating a goods list book will cause difficulties in goods management. Goods management may be confusing, inconsistent, and it is very difficult to distinguish groups and types of goods.
Provision for inventory price decline
Currently, the price of goods in the company's warehouse fluctuates slightly compared to the market price, specifically higher than the market price. The company has not yet made provisions for inventory price reduction, which will cause significant losses in the company's business.
3.2. Some proposals to improve the organization of goods accounting work at Hai Nam Investment and Development Joint Stock Company.
3.2.1. The necessity of perfecting the organization of goods accounting work at Hai Nam Investment and Development Joint Stock Company.
The market economy with real innovations in management mechanisms has affirmed the role and position of accounting information in enterprises. Accounting is the most effective tool to operate, manage, check and calculate the efficiency of production and business activities of enterprises.
As the competition trend becomes increasingly healthy between businesses, price is the key factor that determines the "fate" of the product and the company's profits. As we know, inventory is an important factor that determines the survival of a business. Accounting for goods fully and accurately is one of the
The factor that ensures the existence and development of the enterprise so that it can maximize profits and affirm its brand in the market, therefore, the work of accounting for goods is an indispensable part of commercial enterprises.
The company has made great efforts in the management, use and accounting of goods, but there are still some limitations that need to be overcome to further meet the requirements of providing adequate, timely and proactive goods to create high-quality products, meet market demand, and increase profits for the company. Therefore, researching measures to improve the organization of management and accounting of goods at the company is extremely important.
Completion helps the Company have a direction to overcome weaknesses in goods accounting, helping the company's management board grasp the business situation to have better plans.
Perfection helps the company's accounting department work more effectively, better exploiting each person's potential.
Completion helps inventory work accurately grasp the quantity and value of inventory: ensuring quality and poor quality goods, slow-selling goods... for timely adjustment.
3.2.2. Requirements for completion.
Accounting in general and commodity accounting in particular are powerful tools for businesses, in business management, so it is required to always aim for perfection. However, accounting work changes frequently and continuously depending on the characteristics of the company's production and business in each period and according to the new financial accounting management policies of the state. Therefore, the process of organizing the accounting work of the business must meet the following requirements:
Respect the principles, regimes and accounting standards issued by the Ministry of Finance. This is a mandatory requirement, the basis and foundation for the unified management and operation of production and business activities of all enterprises. Each different enterprise can apply different accounting forms and methods but must still ensure compliance with the State's accounting regime and standards. That is the legal corridor of accounting work that creates the ability to compare,
comparable and convenient for inspection, direction and training of accounting staff.
Accounting organization in general and inventory accounting organization in particular must be suitable for the characteristics of the enterprise in terms of production organization, business and management. Each enterprise has different production characteristics, so it will choose for itself a different form of accounting, different accounting method (inventory accounting method, method of calculating the cost of goods sold) to ensure that suitability. If the enterprise only rigidly applies a form, a certain accounting method that is not suitable for the reality of the enterprise, it will inevitably create unreasonableness in accounting and will not bring about the desired efficiency in accounting work. However, this choice, no matter how flexible, must still ensure the standard regimes of the State.
Accounting work must ensure the provision of complete, timely and accurate information. This requirement is extremely important in the decision-making of business administrators. If accounting information does not meet these basic requirements, the accounting decisions of the business will not be guaranteed to be reasonable, correct and close to reality. Moreover, the accounting information provided is also a comprehensive picture of the business. It is the basis for convincing investors, banks, etc. Therefore, how accounting information is provided will determine the victory of the business in the competition of the market economy.
Completing inventory accounting must be in a unified relationship with different accounting sections, between general accounting and detailed accounting, financial accounting and management accounting, inventory accounting as well as other accounting sections are just a part of the entire accounting work of the enterprise. There is a close relationship between them, no part can be missing. Therefore, any weak accounting section will affect other accounting sections and therefore affect the entire accounting system of the enterprise. Only on the basis of ensuring the above requirements can the accounting of goods perform its role well and become a useful management tool of the enterprise.