Assessment of the Current Status of Law Enforcement on Grassroots Democracy in Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi City

of citizens,...; propagate and replicate advanced models in localities and grassroots levels in implementing the Party's guidelines and policies and the State's policies and laws.

All of the above contents are publicly announced by the wards through the posting method at the ward People's Committee headquarters or assigning responsibility to the heads of residential groups to notify each household. The second method is still mainly used and is more effective. This is because if people do not have necessary work, they will not go to the ward People's Committee headquarters, so they will not be able to access the posted contents. On the other hand, the heads of residential groups are the ones who closely monitor and understand the area, population characteristics of each residential group and the households living in the group. Therefore, assigning the heads of residential groups to notify and disseminate the contents to the people is more effective. However, this method also reveals limitations such as lack of human resources and time consuming.

* Content for people to discuss and give opinions

People discuss and directly decide on policies and levels of contributions to build infrastructure, public welfare works within the commune, village, and residential group levels, with people contributing all or part of the funds, and other work within the residential community in accordance with the provisions of law (Article 10 of Decree 34/2007). These are all contents directly related to the daily lives of the people, the results of the people's decisions can be seen and put into use in the near future. Therefore, these contents are seriously and fully implemented in 18/18 wards in Hoan Kiem District.

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The Party Committees and authorities of the wards have paid attention to and directed the effective implementation of the contents for the People to discuss and decide directly. The People's Committees of the wards have coordinated with the Vietnam Fatherland Front to organize People's meetings in residential groups to discuss and

Directly decide on policies and contribution levels to build and renovate roads, alleys, and cultural activity spots in residential areas; establish a scholarship fund, a humanitarian fund, and a charity fund to gain consensus among the people in implementation. Propagate and mobilize the people to discuss and decide on solutions to implement the campaign " All people unite to build new rural areas and civilized urban areas ", build and implement a cultural lifestyle, gradually improve the quality of models " Environmentally self-managed residential areas ", " Green-clean-beautiful self-managed roads ", "Urban civilized streets"; discuss measures to implement regulations on urban order management, environmental sanitation, social order and safety, prevention and control of social evils... The above contents are implemented through meetings of residential groups, discussions and voting by show of hands or secret ballot, the majority of residential groups have over 80% of households agreeing and have effectively implemented them over the past years. For those who do not agree, the Ward People's Committee coordinates with the Vietnam Fatherland Front and mass organizations to propagate, mobilize and persuade to create consensus in implementation. The opinions demonstrate the spirit of democracy and construction; the Party Committees and authorities of the wards have seriously accepted and coordinated with the functional branches of the District to focus on resolving the legitimate and legitimate opinions and recommendations of the people. These activities have contributed to maintaining security and order, street hygiene, eliminating superstition and social evils in the locality.

The content of the convention of the residential group is drafted by the People's Committee of the ward, the residential group meets with households to discuss and vote; the People's Committee of the ward synthesizes and edits based on the provisions of the law and submits it to the District People's Committee for a decision of recognition. The editing and supplementing of the conventions is directed by the People's Committee of the ward to the residential groups to regularly review them to comply with the provisions of the law and the reality at the grassroots level. The main form applied is to organize meetings according to the residential group's area. This is a simple and quick form.

more concise than the form of distributing opinion ballots. Up to now, 100% (511/511) residential groups in the whole District have built and implemented 03 conventions: Convention on Building a Civilized Lifestyle; Convention on Maintaining Hygiene and a Clean Environment; Convention on Building Safe Residential Groups through the People's Representative Conference. After the conventions were approved, the wards printed and distributed them to each household for implementation in the Residential Groups according to regulations.

The People's Committee of Hoan Kiem District has issued Plan No. 189/KH-UBND on implementing the consolidation of residential groups in the District according to Decision No. 5241/QD-UBND, dated September 19, 2019, of the City People's Committee on promulgating the Project to continue to consolidate villages and residential groups in Hanoi City. The plan aims to continue to consolidate residential groups in a streamlined manner to have a stable, synchronous, unified residential group system with a reasonable population size, suitable for local community activities. At the same time, reduce the number of small-scale residential groups by less than 50% compared to the scale of residential groups prescribed in Circular No. 14/2018/BNV, dated December 3, 2018, of the Ministry of Home Affairs to improve the effectiveness of community activities according to residential group areas; Improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the leadership and direction of the Party Committee, the management and operation of the government and the activities of the Fatherland Front and mass organizations in the ward. The results of the consolidation of residential groups are an important basis for organizing Party cells and socio-political organizations in sync with the residential group area. To implement the plan, Hoan Kiem District has organized conferences to disseminate and propagate the policy of rearranging the scale of residential groups according to Circular No. 14/2018/TT-BNV dated December 3, 2018 of the Ministry of Home Affairs; Decision No. 5241/QD-UBND, dated September 19, 2019, of the City People's Committee on promulgating the Project to continue to improve villages and residential groups in Hanoi city and Decision No. 16/2019/QD-UBND dated September 19, 2019 of the City People's Committee on promulgating the Regulation on Organization and Operation of villages and residential groups in Hanoi city. Timely

timely grasp the public opinion, thoughts, aspirations of cadres, party members, and non-professional activists in residential groups to promptly encourage and resolve problems. At the same time, implement Decision No. 5241/QD-UBND dated September 19, 2019 of the City People's Committee, specifically: Merge existing residential groups with a scale of less than 225 households with adjacent residential groups, ensuring that after the merger, the new residential group has a scale of more than 250 households[21]. The Party Committees and authorities of the wards have paid attention to and directed the effective implementation of the contents for the People to discuss and decide directly. The People's Committees of the wards have coordinated with the Vietnam Fatherland Front to organize People's meetings in residential groups to discuss and give opinions on the rearrangement of residential groups (from 651 residential groups to 132 groups), meetings to elect heads and deputy heads of residential groups, and members of the People's Inspection Committee and the Community Investment Supervision Committee. The election of heads and deputy heads of residential groups, People's Inspection Committees and Community Investment Supervision Committees was carried out in accordance with the instructions and submitted to the Ward People's Committee for recognition. Results of merging residential groups in 2020: Reduced from 651 residential groups to 132 residential groups (79.7%); Heads and Deputy Heads of residential groups: Reduced from 1,312 people to 264 people (reduced

1,048 people = 79.34%). Up to now, the work of arranging, consolidating, and assigning non-professional staff in residential groups has received the support of the people and the consensus of non-professional staff in the District.

* Contents of public supervision

The contents of people's supervision are all the contents that people know, discuss, give opinions and decide. All of these contents are comprehensively implemented in Hoan Kiem District, so the contents of people's supervision are also fully implemented. People exercise their right to supervise through the activities of the People's Inspection Board, the Community Supervision Board and the people themselves.

The People's Inspectorate and the Community Investment Supervision Board play a role in supervising the implementation of the ward's tasks. The People's Committees of 18 wards provide the People's Inspectorate and the Community Investment Supervision Board with full and timely information and necessary documents on socio-economic development plans, annual budget estimates and settlements of the ward, compensation plans, support for site clearance, plans to improve roads, alleys, and lighting at alleys in the area, etc. to help the supervision work be effective.

The People's Inspectorate of wards has proactively grasped the situation, focused on monitoring the implementation of policies for people with meritorious services, social subjects, work to ensure information and communication, environmental sanitation, site clearance, construction, granting of land use right certificates, collection and disbursement of funds contributed by the people... thereby detecting violations by organizations and individuals, recommending the People's Committee of wards and functional agencies to consider, resolve and handle violations. The Investment Supervision Board of the wards is not afraid of difficulties, performing the supervision task with a sense of responsibility, enthusiasm and dedication, promptly detecting and recommending to correct errors according to the design in terms of quality, technical aesthetics, construction progress of works, typically projects to renovate, maintain, and maintain urban technical infrastructure, urban beautification, renovate the drainage pavement in the old quarter, bury the overhead power lines in the old quarter, clear and arrange the overhead power lines on the streets in the old quarter... With the contents that the people's supervision reflected, the wards' authorities promptly received and considered resolving issues under the authority of the wards and reported to the District People's Committee to direct the relevant agencies to resolve.

Implementation of supervision of cadres, civil servants and party members in residential areas according to Joint Resolution No. 05/2006/NQLT-CP-UBTWMTTQVN dated April 21, 2006 of the Government and the Central Committee of the Vietnam Fatherland Front and Regulations

Decision No. 124-QD/TW dated February 2, 2018 of the Central Executive Committee was supported by Party members and people of all walks of life. The Standing Committee of the Ward Fatherland Front Committee monitored, detected, and made recommendations in accordance with the correct procedures and was considered and resolved by competent authorities. Typically, the case of a member of the People's Committee who lacked transparency in the payment of policy money was inspected by the Party Committee and the People's Committee of Cua Nam Ward, considered for disciplinary action with a warning from the Party and transferred to another job. The above results have had a positive effect, contributing to the good implementation of democracy at the grassroots level; educating and preventing corruption and waste of cadres, Party members, civil servants and public employees.

In addition, every citizen has the right to reflect, complain, and denounce issues that they consider to be wrong, illegal, or not properly implemented with the subjects and competent agencies according to the provisions of law. This is clearly demonstrated through the activities of receiving citizens, handling complaints and denunciations carried out by administrative agencies. The work of receiving citizens and handling people's recommendations is carried out regularly, seriously, and has become a routine at the People's Committees of wards. Up to now, 100% of wards in the District have installed software to manage records according to the one-stop, one-stop mechanism, providing level 3 public services. Through monitoring the results of receiving and processing records of the People's Committees of wards on the electronic information portal, the rate of correct and early handling of records on the implementation of e-government. People's Councils at all levels have made many innovations in their activities, deciding many important issues, close to the situation. At the People's Council meetings, many pressing issues were raised for public and democratic questioning.

In recent years, the activities of the People's Council, the Standing Committee of the People's Council, the People's Council Committees of Districts and Wards in Hoan Kiem District have continued to have many innovations, comply with the Law and become increasingly effective. The contents selected for thematic supervision and explanation are all issues of concern to voters and

There are still many difficulties, shortcomings, and limitations that directly affect the lives of people in the District. Questioning activities at meetings continue to be innovated. The selected questioning contents are all issues that voters and public opinion are particularly interested in, and are directly related to people's lives, such as: handling construction works that violate construction order in the District according to the direction of the City and District Party Committee; overcoming shortcomings and limitations in fire prevention and fighting and rescue work in the District; food hygiene and safety in the District; current situation and solutions to improve the effectiveness of environmental protection work in the District.

Through monitoring activities, the District People's Council made 24 recommendations (03 recommendations to the City People's Committee; 11 recommendations to the District People's Committee and 10 recommendations to the Ward People's Committees and the Monument Management Boards).

By the end of 2020, the People's Committee of Hoan Kiem District had resolved 127/226 petitions under its authority, reaching 56.2%, and 99 petitions were still being resolved. Implementing the supervision recommendations of the Standing Committee of the District People's Council, the People's Committee of the District continued to direct units to focus on resolving them. Up to now, 31/99 petitions have been resolved and 68 petitions are being directed to be resolved.

Also in 2019, the Committees of the District People's Council organized 06 thematic supervision delegations and 02 survey delegations. Specifically: The Legal Committee organized 04 supervision delegations with the following contents: Supervising the results of activities in 2019 and supervising the activities of the District's judicial agencies in 2019 at the People's Court, the People's Procuracy and the District Civil Judgment Enforcement Office; Organizing a supervision delegation on the work of receiving citizens, handling complaints and denunciations and voters' recommendations at the People's Committees of 05 wards; Conducting supervision on fire prevention and fighting and rescue work at the District Police and the People's Committees of 04 wards. The Socio-Economic Committee organized 02 supervision delegations and 02 survey delegations.[15]

2.2.3. Assessment of the current status of law enforcement on grassroots democracy in Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi City

2.2.3.1. Advantages

Firstly, regarding the level of understanding and implementation of the legal content regulating the implementation of grassroots democracy by the people, it can be seen that the implementation of the ordinance on implementing democracy at the grassroots level has met the aspirations and urgent demands of the people in the wards and has been responded to by the majority of people in Hoan Kiem District.

Second, regarding the impact on local life, the implementation of the law on grassroots democracy, especially Decree 34/2007, has become a great driving force for development and innovation in all areas of social life of Hoan Kiem District. For example, the District Education and Training sector has been the leading education sector in the capital for the 10th consecutive time. The Health sector maintains 100% of wards meeting national standards on grassroots health. Proactively prevent epidemics, especially dengue fever, acute diarrhea, and measles. Mobilize people to participate in health insurance with a rate of 87.7%, equal to 99.4% of the annual plan. Create on-site jobs for 822 workers. In the first 9 months of 2020, Hoan Kiem District has reduced 47/47 poor households, reaching 470% of the City's plan (equal to 100% of the District's plan) and supported house repairs for 02 poor households, reaching 100% of the yearly plan. Up to now, there are no more poor households in the District.

Third, authorities at all levels have strengthened the direction of implementing publicity and transparency according to the provisions of the legal system; receiving citizens, resolving complaints and denunciations; rectifying discipline, administrative discipline, public ethics; improving the investment and business environment, etc.

Fourth, the Steering Committee for implementing democratic regulations has promoted its role in directing the activities of cadres and civil servants working and living in Hoan Kiem District.

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